Crowley Jennifer, Ball Lauren, McGill Anne-Thea, Buetow Stephen, Arroll Bruce, Leveritt Michael, Wall Clare
Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld4222, Australia.
J Prim Health Care. 2016 Dec;8(4):357-364. doi: 10.1071/HC15048.
INTRODUCTION Nutrition care refers to practices conducted by health professionals to support patients to improve their dietary intake. General practitioners (GPs) are expected to provide nutrition care to patients for prevention and management of chronic disease. AIM This study explores GPs' opinions regarding nutrition care provision to patients with chronic disease. METHODS An interpretive descriptive approach to qualitative research using seven semi-structured focus groups with 48 GPs in Auckland was used. Focus groups investigated how GPs felt about providing nutrition care; the perceived barriers to and support required for this care; the development of further nutrition knowledge and skills; and possible roles for Practice Nurses. Recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using a thematic approach. RESULTS GPs indicated routine provision of basic nutrition care to patients with chronic disease, but perceived their limited consultation time and nutrition competence constrained their capacity to provide nutrition care. GPs felt they needed further information to provide culturally, socially and economically sensitive nutrition care. GPs displayed variable opinions on the benefits of developing their nutrition knowledge and skills, and the idea of Practice Nurses providing nutrition care. CONCLUSIONS Despite perceiving that nutrition care is important for patients with chronic disease and facing barriers to providing nutrition care, GPs appear reluctant to further develop their knowledge and skills and for Practice Nurses to provide this care. Strategies to enhance GPs' nutrition-related self-efficacy, nutrition cultural competence and attitudes towards further training care may be warranted.
引言
营养护理是指健康专业人员为帮助患者改善饮食摄入而开展的实践活动。全科医生（GPs）应向患者提供营养护理，以预防和管理慢性病。
目的
本研究探讨全科医生对为慢性病患者提供营养护理的看法。
方法
采用解释性描述性定性研究方法，在奥克兰对48名全科医生进行了7次半结构化焦点小组访谈。焦点小组调查了全科医生对提供营养护理的感受；这种护理的感知障碍和所需支持；进一步营养知识和技能的发展；以及执业护士可能发挥的作用。对录音访谈进行逐字转录，并采用主题分析法进行分析。
结果
全科医生表示会为慢性病患者常规提供基本营养护理，但认为有限的会诊时间和营养能力限制了他们提供营养护理的能力。全科医生觉得他们需要更多信息，以便提供在文化、社会和经济方面都敏感的营养护理。全科医生对发展其营养知识和技能的益处以及执业护士提供营养护理的想法看法不一。
结论
尽管全科医生认为营养护理对慢性病患者很重要，且在提供营养护理方面面临障碍，但他们似乎不愿进一步发展自己的知识和技能，也不愿让执业护士提供这种护理。可能有必要采取策略来提高全科医生与营养相关的自我效能感、营养文化能力以及对进一步培训护理的态度。
