1 King's College London, UK.
2 University of Southampton, UK.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2018 Jul;44(7):984-995. doi: 10.1177/0146167218756030. Epub 2018 Mar 14.
Four studies examined the link between adverse weather and the palliative role of nostalgia. We proposed and tested that (a) adverse weather evokes nostalgia (Hypothesis 1); (b) adverse weather causes distress, which predicts elevated nostalgia (Hypothesis 2); (c) preventing nostalgia exacerbates weather-induced distress (Hypothesis 3); and (d) weather-evoked nostalgia confers psychological benefits (Hypothesis 4). In Study 1, participants listened to recordings of wind, thunder, rain, and neutral sounds. Adverse weather evoked nostalgia. In Study 2, participants kept a 10-day diary recording weather conditions, distress, and nostalgia. We also obtained meteorological data. Adverse weather perceptions were positively correlated with distress, which predicted higher nostalgia. Also, adverse natural weather was associated with corresponding weather perceptions, which predicted elevated nostalgia. (Results were mixed for rain.) In Study 3, preventing nostalgia (via cognitive load) increased weather-evoked distress. In Study 4, weather-evoked nostalgia was positively associated with psychological benefits. The findings pioneer the relevance of nostalgia as source of comfort in adverse weather.
四项研究考察了恶劣天气与怀旧的缓解作用之间的联系。我们提出并检验了以下假设：（a）恶劣天气会引发怀旧情绪（假设 1）；（b）恶劣天气会引起痛苦，而痛苦又会预测更高的怀旧情绪（假设 2）；（c）阻止怀旧情绪会加剧天气引起的痛苦（假设 3）；（d）天气引发的怀旧情绪会带来心理上的好处（假设 4）。在研究 1 中，参与者听了风声、雷声、雨声和中性声音的录音。恶劣的天气会引发怀旧情绪。在研究 2 中，参与者记录了 10 天的天气条件、痛苦和怀旧情绪。我们还获取了气象数据。恶劣天气的感知与痛苦呈正相关，而痛苦又预测了更高的怀旧情绪。此外，自然天气的恶劣与相应的天气感知有关，而天气感知又预测了更高的怀旧情绪。（关于雨的结果则有些复杂。）在研究 3 中，阻止怀旧情绪（通过认知负荷）会增加天气引起的痛苦。在研究 4 中，天气引发的怀旧情绪与心理上的好处呈正相关。这些发现开创了怀旧作为在恶劣天气中获得安慰的来源的重要性。
