Alwadi Maram A, Baker Sarah R, Owens Janine
Unit of Dental Public Health, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2018 Jun;46(3):238-244. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12374. Epub 2018 Mar 14.
This systematic review aimed to describe the extent to which oral health research since the advent of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the current movement on the inclusion of voices of children, has been done on or with children with disabilities.
A systematic review of the dental literature for children with disabilities from 2001 to 2017 was conducted. Electronic databases were searched for oral health literature on the involvement of children with disabilities. Each identified article was examined by 2 reviewers against the inclusion criteria and categorized according to the extent to which children with disabilities were involved in oral health research, type of study, children's ages, type of impairment and the country of origin.
The search included 113 articles after application of the exclusion criteria. Of these papers, 6.2% were classified as research with children, 41.6% used proxies to gain the perspective of children with disabilities and 52.2% were classified as research on children with disabilities. The majority of studies, which attempted some form of inclusion, were from Sweden and India.
Most oral health research is conducted on children with disabilities (viewing them as objects) rather than with them (viewing them as active participants). Unlike previous systematic reviews which report an increase in the inclusion of the voices of children in oral health research, children with disabilities were mostly excluded from research. Future research should attempt to use methods which involve children with disabilities as fully as possible in the research process. This ensures that their perspectives are obtained and their voices are heard.
本系统评价旨在描述自《联合国儿童权利公约》《联合国残疾人权利公约》问世以及当前儿童声音纳入运动开展以来，针对残疾儿童开展的口腔健康研究情况。
对2001年至2017年有关残疾儿童的牙科文献进行系统评价。通过电子数据库搜索有关残疾儿童参与口腔健康研究的文献。由两名评审员根据纳入标准对每篇检索到的文章进行审查，并根据残疾儿童参与口腔健康研究的程度、研究类型、儿童年龄、损伤类型和原产国进行分类。
应用排除标准后，检索到113篇文章。其中，6.2%被归类为针对儿童的研究，41.6%通过代理获取残疾儿童的观点，52.2%被归类为针对残疾儿童的研究。大多数尝试某种形式纳入的研究来自瑞典和印度。
大多数口腔健康研究是针对残疾儿童进行的（将他们视为研究对象），而非与他们合作开展（将他们视为积极参与者）。与之前报告儿童声音在口腔健康研究中的纳入有所增加的系统评价不同，残疾儿童大多被排除在研究之外。未来的研究应尝试采用在研究过程中尽可能充分纳入残疾儿童的方法。这可确保获取他们的观点并倾听他们的声音。
