职业健康与性别角色：印度乌度皮非正规部门渔业研究
Occupational Health and Role of Gender: A Study in Informal Sector Fisheries of Udupi, India.
作者信息
Tripathi Pooja, Kamath Ramachandra, Tiwari Rajnarayan
机构信息
Department of Public Health, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
出版信息
Indian J Occup Environ Med. 2017 May-Aug;21(2):45-50. doi: 10.4103/ijoem.IJOEM_170_16.
BACKGROUND
Fisherwomen are informal sector workers involved in post-harvest operations and are mostly engaged in peeling, trading, and processing of fish. High degree of wage disparity and gender inequalities results in different socioeconomic status of fisherwomen and fishermen. This study aimed to identify gender issues and their effect on the health status of fisherwomen.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The present cross-sectional included 171 fishermen and fisherwomen. Interview technique was used to collect information using a predesigned proforma. Data was analyzed using SPSS Version 15.0.
RESULTS
Fifty-five percent of the participants complained of work-related health problems. A total of 63.9% of women had occupational health problems compared to 48.5% of the men ( < 0.05). Merely 1.2% of participants used any protective equipment. None of the workers reported receiving any kind of benefits at their workplace. A total of 53.8% were paid on piece-rate basis.
CONCLUSION
This study identified many occupational and gender issues in the informal sector.
背景
女渔民是非正规部门的工人，参与收获后的作业，主要从事鱼类的去皮、交易和加工。高度的工资差距和性别不平等导致女渔民和男渔民的社会经济地位不同。本研究旨在确定性别问题及其对女渔民健康状况的影响。
材料与方法
本次横断面研究纳入了171名渔民和女渔民。采用访谈技术，使用预先设计的表格收集信息。数据使用SPSS 15.0版本进行分析。
结果
55%的参与者抱怨与工作相关的健康问题。共有63.9%的女性存在职业健康问题，而男性为48.5%（P<0.05）。仅有1.2%的参与者使用任何防护设备。没有工人报告在工作场所获得任何形式的福利。共有53.8%的人按计件工资支付。
结论
本研究确定了非正规部门中的许多职业和性别问题。
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