顺式调控 DNA 作为分子工具的应用。

The Use of cis-Regulatory DNAs as Molecular Tools.

机构信息

Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, Japan.

Institute for Integrative Neurobiology & Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe, Japan.

出版信息

Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1029:49-68. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-7545-2_6.

DOI:10.1007/978-981-10-7545-2_6

PMID:29542080

Abstract

Ascidians possess relatively small and compact genomes. This feature enables us to easily isolate cis-regulatory DNAs of genes of interest. Particularly, cis-regulatory DNAs of genes showing tissue- or cell-type-specific expression are routinely used for the artificial induction of gene expression. This strategy helps us to label cells, tissues, and organs of interest, and to investigate gene functions through overexpression, ectopic expression, and the disruption of functions by dominant-negative forms. Thus, cis-regulatory DNAs provide a powerful tool for tissue-specific genetic manipulation in studies of ascidian development and physiology. This chapter summarizes the types of cis-regulatory DNAs as a genetic manipulation tool, describes the methods used for isolating cis-regulatory DNAs, and provide reported examples of the use of cis-regulatory DNAs as molecular tools for investigating gene functions.

摘要

海鞘拥有相对较小而紧凑的基因组。这一特点使我们能够轻松分离出具有组织或细胞类型特异性表达的基因的顺式调控 DNA。特别是，具有组织或细胞类型特异性表达的基因的顺式调控 DNA 通常用于人工诱导基因表达。这种策略有助于我们标记感兴趣的细胞、组织和器官，并通过过表达、异位表达以及显性负形式来干扰功能，从而研究基因功能。因此，顺式调控 DNA 为研究海鞘发育和生理学中的组织特异性遗传操作提供了有力工具。本章总结了顺式调控 DNA 作为遗传操作工具的类型，描述了用于分离顺式调控 DNA 的方法，并提供了使用顺式调控 DNA 作为研究基因功能的分子工具的报告实例。