School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland.
Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin, Ireland.
J Strength Cond Res. 2018 Jun;32(6):1583-1593. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002567.
Whyte, EF, Richter, C, O'Connor, S, and Moran, KA. Investigation of the effects of high-intensity, intermittent exercise and unanticipation on trunk and lower limb biomechanics during a side-cutting maneuver using statistical parametric mapping. J Strength Cond Res 32(6): 1583-1593, 2018-Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries frequently occur during side-cutting maneuvers when fatigued or reacting to the sporting environment. Trunk and hip biomechanics are proposed to influence ACL loading during these activities. However, the effects of fatigue and unanticipation on the biomechanics of the kinetic chain may be limited by traditional discrete point analysis. We recruited 28 male, varsity, Gaelic footballers (21.7 ± 2.2 years; 178.7 ± 14.6 m; 81.8 ± 11.4 kg) to perform anticipated and unanticipated side-cutting maneuvers before and after a high-intensity, intermittent exercise protocol (HIIP). Statistical parametric mapping (repeated-measures analysis of varience) identified differences in phases of trunk and stance leg biomechanics during weight acceptance. Unanticipation resulted in less trunk flexion (p < 0.001) and greater side flexion away from the direction of cut (p < 0.001). This led to smaller (internal) knee flexor and greater (internal) knee extensor (p = 0.002-0.007), hip adductor (p = 0.005), and hip external rotator (p = 0.007) moments. The HIIP resulted in increased trunk flexion (p < 0.001) and side flexion away from the direction of cut (p = 0.038), resulting in smaller (internal) knee extensor moments (p = 0.006). One interaction effect was noted demonstrating greater hip extensor moments in the unanticipated condition post-HIIP (p = 0.025). Results demonstrate that unanticipation resulted in trunk kinematics considered an ACL injury risk factor. A subsequent increase in frontal and transverse plane hip loading and sagittal plane knee loading was observed, which may increase ACL strain. Conversely, HIIP-induced trunk kinematic alterations resulted in reduced sagittal plane knee and subsequent ACL loading. Therefore, adequate hip and knee control is important during unanticipated side-cutting maneuvers.
惠特、里希特、奥康纳和莫兰。高强度间歇性运动和意外对侧方切入动作中躯干和下肢生物力学的影响研究：使用统计参数映射。《力量与体能研究杂志》32(6)：1583-1593，2018 年-前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤在侧方切入动作中经常发生，尤其是在疲劳或对运动环境做出反应时。据推测，躯干和髋关节的生物力学在这些活动中会影响 ACL 的受力。然而，疲劳和意外对动力链生物力学的影响可能会受到传统离散点分析的限制。我们招募了 28 名男性大学生盖尔足球运动员（21.7 ± 2.2 岁；178.7 ± 14.6 m；81.8 ± 11.4 kg），在高强度间歇运动方案（HIIP）前后进行预期和非预期的侧方切入动作。统计参数映射（重复测量方差分析）确定了在体重承受阶段躯干和支撑腿生物力学的不同阶段。意外情况导致躯干前屈减少（p < 0.001），躯干向切向的侧向弯曲增加（p < 0.001）。这导致膝关节较小（内侧）屈肌和较大（内侧）伸肌（p = 0.002-0.007）、髋关节内收肌（p = 0.005）和髋关节外旋肌（p = 0.007）的力矩减小。HIIP 导致躯干前屈增加（p < 0.001）和切向的侧向弯曲增加（p = 0.038），导致膝关节较大（内侧）伸肌的力矩减小（p = 0.006）。有一个交互作用效应，即在 HIIP 后非预期条件下髋关节伸肌的力矩更大（p = 0.025）。结果表明，非预期情况会导致被认为是 ACL 损伤危险因素的躯干运动学。随后观察到前平面和横平面髋关节负荷以及矢状面膝关节负荷增加，这可能会增加 ACL 应变。相反，HIIP 引起的躯干运动学改变导致矢状面膝关节和随后的 ACL 负荷减少。因此，在非预期的侧方切入动作中，需要对髋关节和膝关节进行充分的控制。
