Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Br J Sports Med. 2018 Jul;52(14):914-918. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-098639. Epub 2018 Mar 15.
There are discrepant findings between (A) observational follow-ups and (B) interventional studies that investigate possible causal association between high physical activity and low mortality. Participation in vigorous physical activity at a specific time-point is an indicator of good fitness and health, and is associated with a reduced risk of death. However, neither randomised controlled trials nor experimental animal studies have provided conclusive evidence to show that physical activity started during adulthood extends lifespan. Consequently, the undisputed health-related benefits of exercise have yet to translate into any proven causal relationship with longevity. Physical activity improves fitness and physical function, and confers other health-related effects. These outcomes have a greater basis in evidence-based data than any claims of a reduced risk of death, especially when recommending physical activity for previously physically inactive middle-aged and elderly adults.
（A）观察性随访和（B）干预性研究之间存在不一致的发现，这些研究旨在探讨高体力活动与低死亡率之间可能存在的因果关系。在特定时间点进行剧烈体力活动是身体健康的指标，与降低死亡风险有关。然而，随机对照试验和实验动物研究都没有提供确凿的证据表明成年后开始的体力活动可以延长寿命。因此，运动带来的无可争议的健康益处尚未转化为与长寿的任何因果关系。体力活动可改善健康和身体机能，并带来其他与健康相关的影响。与减少死亡风险的任何说法相比，这些结果在循证数据中有更坚实的基础，特别是在建议以前不活跃的中年和老年人进行体力活动时。
