Zhang Jiuchen, Yu Feklova T
Institute for the History of Natural Sciences, CAS, Beijing 100190, China.
Saint Petersburg Branch of the Institute for the History of Science and Technology, Named After S. I. Vavilov, RAS, Russia.
Endeavour. 2018 Mar;42(1):17-26. doi: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2018.02.001. Epub 2018 Mar 13.
In the 1950s, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) engaged in close cooperation with the Soviet Academy of Sciences. The CAS sent scientists to the Soviet Academy to work as interns, study for advanced degrees, or engage in academic cooperation, and a large number of Soviet scientists were invited by the various institutes of the CAS to come to China to give lectures, direct research, help make scientific plans, and collaborate. The comprehensive cooperation between the two academies was launched at a time when the CAS institutes were in their embryonic stage, which suggests that the better-established Soviet scientists had the opportunity to play a dominate role. But the reality is not so straightforward. The case studies in this paper suggest that besides the influence of compatible political movements in China and the Soviet Union and bilateral ties between these two nations' scientific institutes, disharmony in actual working relationships prevented Soviet scientists from playing the role they might have envisioned within the CAS institutes. The rapid development of the cooperative relationship in a short span of time, combined with lack of experience on both sides, made for a disharmonious collaboration.
20世纪50年代，中国科学院（CAS）与苏联科学院展开了密切合作。中国科学院派遣科学家前往苏联科学院实习、攻读高级学位或开展学术合作，同时，苏联科学院的众多科学家也应中国科学院各研究所之邀来华讲学、指导研究、协助制定科学计划并开展合作。两院之间的全面合作是在中国科学院各研究所尚处于初创阶段时启动的，这意味着经验更为丰富的苏联科学家有机会发挥主导作用。但实际情况并非如此简单。本文的案例研究表明，除了中苏两国兼容的政治运动以及两国科研机构之间的双边关系的影响外，实际工作关系中的不和谐使得苏联科学家无法在中国科学院各研究所中发挥他们原本设想的作用。合作关系在短时间内迅速发展，加上双方都缺乏经验，导致了合作的不和谐。
