Recent insights into antidepressant therapy: Distinct pathways and potential common mechanisms in the treatment of depressive syndromes.

There is an urgent, unmet clinical need for faster and more efficient antidepressant drugs with higher response rates. In animal models of depression it was shown in the last few years that inhibition of three signaling molecules (BDNF, p11 and Homer1a) prevents efficacy of antidepressant therapy. These data not only show the crucial role of these factors for the treatment of depression, but may also point towards a better understanding of the molecular changes responsible for successful antidepressant therapy. Reviewing the literature concerning BNDF, p11 and Homer1a we here describe a molecular network in which these molecules interact with each other finally leading to facilitation of AMPA receptor signaling and plasticity, corroborating the current idea of AMPA receptors being a promising drug target in depression.