Comparative study of ticagrelor and clopidogrel in therapeutic effect of acute myocardial infarction patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

OBJECTIVES

Comparison of Ticagrelor vs clopidogrel in antiplatelet therapeutic effect of acute myocardial infarction patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

METHODS

The study focused on 2000 acute myocardial infarction patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in our hospital from January 2013 to December 2015. To reduce the formation of acute stent thrombosis caused by clopidogrel resistance, we had two options, one was to double the dosage of clopidogrel, and the other was to substitute ticagrelor for clopidogrel. Based on random number table method, the 2000 patients were divided into experimental group and control group, each containing 1,000 patients. The patients in experimental group took 180 mg ticagrelor before PCI and 90 mg ticagrelor twice a day after PCI (Gu, 2016). In contrast, the patients control group took 600 mg clopidogrel before PCI and 150 mg clopidogrel once a day after PCI. Both groups were drawn 2.7 ml of fasting venous blood for platelet aggregation rate test before PCI and 2 h, 24 h, 7 days after PCI respectively. Turbidimetric method was used to measure the ADP-induced platelet aggregation rate and observe change of platelet aggregation rate and success rate. Incidence of liver and kidney malfunction and adverse actions were monitored. All patients accepted a 6-month of follow-up examination to record and compare incidences of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events. The statistical results of both groups are analyzed and compared.

RESULTS

The platelet aggregation rate of experimental group before PCI and 2 h, 24 h, 7 days after PCI was 59.71% ± 7.24%, 59.20% ± 7.70%, 48.66% ± 7.80% and 43.39% ± 8.28%; The control group was 58.04% ± 5.61%, 56.25% ± 6.02%, 55.68% ± 3.14%, 53.94% ± 5.30%; Comparing the platelet aggregation rate of different time, P was less than 0.05. The success rate of platelet aggregation of experimental group and control group was 80.56% and 46.86% respectively. There were significant differences between the two groups and the P was less than .05. The postoperative serum creatinine level of experimental group was higher than that in the control group (P < .05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group. There were significant differences between the two groups and the difference was of statistical significance (P < .05). According to the 5-month follow-up examination: the incidence of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events in experimental group was 2.60% (52/2000) ,while the control group was 13.00% (260/2000) . There were significant differences between the two groups and the difference was of statistical significance (P < .05).

CONCLUSIONS

Compared with clopidogrel, ticagrelor can achieve better n antiplatelet effect for patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). It can effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events and control the rate of adverse reactions within the acceptable range.