Division of Bioengineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637457, Singapore.
Division of Bioengineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637457, Singapore.
Trends Biotechnol. 2018 Aug;36(8):834-849. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.02.012. Epub 2018 Mar 16.
Other than a few avascular tissues, almost all human tissues are connected to the systemic circulation via blood vessels that promote metabolism and function. Accordingly, engineered vascularization is a vital goal in tissue engineering for regenerative medicine. Endothelial cells (ECs) play a central role in vascularization with two significant specificities: physical interfaces between vascular stroma and blood, and phenotypic organ-specificity. Biomaterial scaffolding technologies that address these unique properties of ECs have been developed to promote the vascularization of various engineered tissues, and these have advanced from mimicking vascular architectures ex situ towards promoting spontaneous angiogenic remodeling in situ. Simultaneously, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and organ-specific ECs are attracting more and more attention with the increasing awareness of the diversity of ECs in different organs.
除了少数无血管组织外，几乎所有的人体组织都通过血管与全身循环相连，以促进新陈代谢和功能。因此，工程化血管化是再生医学中组织工程的一个重要目标。内皮细胞（EC）在血管生成中起着核心作用，具有两个重要的特异性：血管基质和血液之间的物理界面，以及表型器官特异性。已经开发出生物材料支架技术来解决 EC 的这些独特特性，以促进各种工程组织的血管化，这些技术已经从模仿血管结构的体外方法发展到促进原位自发血管生成重塑。同时，随着对不同器官中 EC 多样性的认识不断提高，内皮祖细胞（EPC）和器官特异性 EC 越来越受到关注。
