Laboratory of Evolution, Federal University of Pará, Bragança campus, Bragança, Brazil.
CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal.
PLoS One. 2018 Mar 20;13(3):e0194437. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194437. eCollection 2018.
The mimetic juveniles of a number of carangid fish species resemble plant parts floating near the water surface, such as leaves, seeds and other plant debris. The present study is the first to verify the morphological similarities and ecomorphological relationships between three carangids (Oligoplites saurus, Oligoplites palometa and Trachinotus falcatus) and their associated plant models. Behavioral observations were conducted in the estuary of Curuçá River, in northeastern Pará (Brazil) between August 2015 and July 2016. Individual fishes and associated floating objects (models) were sampled for comparative analysis using both geometric and morphometric approaches. While the mimetic fish and their models retain their own distinct, intrinsic morphological features, a high degree of morphological similarity was found between each fish species and its model. The morphometric analyses revealed a general tendency of isometric development in all three fish species, probably related to their pelagic habitats, during all ontogenetic stages.
一些鲹科鱼类的拟态幼鱼类似于漂浮在水面附近的植物部分，如叶片、种子和其他植物碎片。本研究首次验证了三种鲹（Oligoplites saurus、Oligoplites palometa 和 Trachinotus falcatus）与其相关植物模型之间的形态相似性和生态形态关系。2015 年 8 月至 2016 年 7 月，在巴西帕拉州东北部的库里奇巴河口进行了行为观察。使用几何和形态测量方法对个体鱼类和相关漂浮物体（模型）进行了采样比较分析。虽然拟态鱼与其模型保留了自己独特的固有形态特征，但在所有发育阶段，每个鱼类物种与其模型之间都发现了高度的形态相似性。形态测量分析显示，在所有三个鱼类物种中，都存在一种各向同长的发育趋势，这可能与其洄游性的生活方式有关。
