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全血捐献的不良反应、基本人类需求与护理诊断:反思

Adverse reactions to whole blood donation, basic human needs and nursing diagnoses: a reflection.

作者信息

Esplendori Gabriela Feitosa

机构信息

Fundação Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

出版信息

Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2017;51:e03284. doi: 10.1590/s1980-220x2017005003284. Epub 2018 Mar 15.

Abstract

A theoretical-Reflective study with the objective to reflect on human needs regarding the imbalance of whole blood donors considering adverse reactions to the donation, and the existing nursing diagnoses that best meet the imbalance needs. The following needs were pointed out according to the signs and symptoms of adverse reactions and based on the Theory of Basic Human Needs: skin and tissue integrity, emotional security, pain perception, body mechanics, oxygenation, physical integrity, physical comfort, elimination, neurological, electrolytic and vascular regulation. By observing NANDA International's Definitions and Classifications, adaptations to the existing nursing diagnoses and suggestions for new headings have been proposed. We conclude that some of the needs are interrelated, such as vascular regulation, oxygenation and physical integrity. Thus, more contextualized nursing diagnoses related to the needs of whole blood donors are needed, given the specific nature of the situation generating imbalances such as: ineffective systemic vascular regulation characterized by self-reported dizziness, cutaneous pallor and arterial hypotension related to vasovagal reaction.

摘要

一项理论反思性研究,旨在思考全血捐献者因献血不良反应导致失衡时的人类需求,以及最能满足这些失衡需求的现有护理诊断。根据不良反应的体征和症状,并基于基本人类需求理论,指出了以下需求:皮肤和组织完整性、情绪安全感、疼痛感知、身体力学、氧合作用、身体完整性、身体舒适度、排泄、神经、电解质和血管调节。通过观察国际护理诊断协会(NANDA)的定义和分类,提出了对现有护理诊断的调整以及新标题的建议。我们得出结论,有些需求是相互关联的,如血管调节、氧合作用和身体完整性。因此,鉴于导致失衡情况的特殊性,例如:以自我报告的头晕、皮肤苍白和与血管迷走神经反应相关的动脉低血压为特征的无效全身血管调节,需要更多与全血捐献者需求相关的情境化护理诊断。

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