Ahuja Ashish A, V Reddy Yerahaia C, Adenuga Olukorede O, Kewlani Dheeraj, Ravindran Meenakshi, Ramakrishnan Rengappa
Retina Department, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai, India.
Retina Department, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
Oman J Ophthalmol. 2018 Jan-Apr;11(1):33-37. doi: 10.4103/ojo.OJO_97_2016.
The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence, severity, and associated risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a district in South India.
This was a prospective, observational, cohort study involving babies at risk of ROP conducted in five Neonatal Intensive Care Units in a district in Tamil Nadu, South India. All babies with gestational age at birth of ≤36 weeks and a birth weight (BW) of ≤1900 g with a follow-up period of at least 6 months were enrolled for the study. Neonatal and maternal risk factors were assessed and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis performed to examine the predictors of ROP.
A total of 325 infants were screened. ROP was identified in 210 eyes of 106 (32.6%) babies with severe ROP (stage ≥3 ROP) occurring in 14 (13.2%) babies. Low BW (LBW) was the only significant risk factor for ROP on multivariate logistic regression analysis. The mean BW was 1285 and 1452 g for babies with and without ROP, respectively. Treatment was indicated in 22 eyes of 14 (13.2%) infants.
The incidence of ROP was fairly high and strongly associated with LBW. A relatively low incidence of severe ROP was, however, observed. More effort is, therefore, required towards the prevention of preterm births while the present gains in neonatal care should be sustained to reduce the incidence of ROP and thus childhood blindness in the country.
本研究旨在确定印度南部某地区早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）的发病率、严重程度及相关危险因素。
这是一项前瞻性观察队列研究，在印度南部泰米尔纳德邦某地区的五个新生儿重症监护病房对有ROP风险的婴儿进行研究。纳入所有出生时胎龄≤36周、出生体重（BW）≤1900g且随访期至少6个月的婴儿。评估新生儿和母亲的危险因素，并进行单因素和多因素逻辑回归分析以检查ROP的预测因素。
共筛查了325名婴儿。106名（32.6%）婴儿的210只眼睛发现有ROP，其中14名（13.2%）婴儿出现严重ROP（ROP分期≥3期）。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，低出生体重（LBW）是ROP唯一的显著危险因素。有ROP和无ROP婴儿的平均出生体重分别为1285g和1452g。14名（13.2%）婴儿的22只眼睛需要治疗。
ROP的发病率相当高，且与LBW密切相关。然而，严重ROP的发病率相对较低。因此，需要做出更多努力预防早产，同时应维持目前在新生儿护理方面取得的成果，以降低ROP的发病率，从而减少该国儿童失明的情况。
