Janani Fatemeh, Changaee Farahnaz
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2017 Oct-Dec;6(4):766-769. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_132_17.
Hypertension in pregnancy is one of the three factors of maternal mortality. Etiology of the disease is unknown, but the many factors contributing to the identification and control of it can be taken a step to prevent and reduce the symptoms of the disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of preeclampsia (high-blood pressure) in different seasons of the year.
The present retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on more than 8,000 pregnant women visiting Assali specialized hospital from 2011 to 2013. Required data was collected through questionnaire checklist. The Chi-square test with multiple comparisons was used to compare the frequencies of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) according to the month of year, and adjustment of multiplicity was conducted using Bonferroni's method. Student's -test was used to compare the means of PIH prevalence rates. In all analyses, < 0.05 was taken to indicate statistical significance.
In these 8000 woman admitted to labor, overall prevalence of PIH was 3.8 ± 0.6%. The prevalence rate of PIH was highest in the summer (4.5%) and lowest frequent in the winter (2.7%), respectively. In July, the prevalence rate was significantly higher than those for any other month (4.7%), and in March, it was lower prevalence than for any month (2.2%), respectively. Using the Chi-square test, a significant difference between the incidence of disease was observed in summer and winter ( < 0.001).
The prevalence rate of PIH was higher for delivery in summer and early spring and lowest for winter delivery among Khorramabad women based on these results; it seems that changes in temperature and humidity in different seasons can affect preeclampsia, and preeclampsia increases with increasing frequency temperature.
妊娠期高血压是孕产妇死亡的三大因素之一。该疾病的病因尚不清楚，但有助于识别和控制该病的诸多因素可以采取措施预防和减轻该疾病的症状。本研究的目的是确定一年中不同季节子痫前期（高血压）的患病率。
本回顾性横断面研究对2011年至2013年到阿萨利专科医院就诊的8000多名孕妇进行。所需数据通过问卷清单收集。采用多重比较的卡方检验根据年份月份比较妊娠高血压综合征（PIH）的发生率，并使用邦费罗尼方法进行多重性调整。采用学生t检验比较PIH患病率的均值。在所有分析中，P<0.05表示具有统计学意义。
在这8000名入院分娩的女性中，PIH的总体患病率为3.8±0.6%。PIH的患病率夏季最高（4.5%），冬季最低（2.7%）。7月的患病率显著高于其他任何月份（4.7%），3月的患病率低于其他任何月份（2.2%）。使用卡方检验，观察到夏季和冬季疾病发病率存在显著差异（P<0.001）。
基于这些结果，在霍拉马巴德女性中，夏季和早春分娩时PIH的患病率较高，冬季分娩时最低；不同季节的温度和湿度变化似乎会影响子痫前期，子痫前期随着温度升高而增加。
