Di Mauro Debora, Currò Monica, Trimarchi Fabio, Vecchio Mercurio, Rizzo Giuseppina, Barreca Davide, Visalli Giuseppa, Ientile Riccardo, Caccamo Daniela
Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Dental Sciences and Morpho-functional Imaging, Polyclinic Hospital University, Messina, Italy.
Dept. of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Int J Sports Med. 2018 May;39(5):390-396. doi: 10.1055/s-0044-101459. Epub 2018 Mar 21.
Methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene polymorphisms have been associated with hyperhomocysteinemia and oxidative stress increase, that are established cardiovascular risk factors. Given that intense physical activity may increase the susceptibility to adverse cardiovascular outcomes, here we investigated the effects of MTHFR C677T and A1298C as well as PON1 Q192R gene polymorphisms on cardiovascular risk markers in twenty-eight male water polo elite players. The mean plasma levels of homocysteine (Hcy) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) were above reference limits in resting conditions, and increased after competition. Moreover, a positive correlation was found between Hcy and AOPP concentrations, and also between their variations (ratio post-exercise/pre-exercise values) and the variations of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) activities, known as muscle damage markers. The highest Hcy and AOPP values were found in subjects having either MTHFR CT/AC or TT/AA, and PON1 QR192 genotype, respectively. After exercise, Hcy concentrations significantly increased in CT/AC or TT/AA subjects than in athletes having other MTHFR genotypes. A training-induced increase in plasma levels of LDH and CK activities, as well as myoglobin concentrations, was also observed, even if significant differences were found only for CK activity in athletes with MTHFR CT/AC or TT/AA athletes.
亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶（MTHFR）和对氧磷酶1（PON1）基因多态性与高同型半胱氨酸血症及氧化应激增加有关，而后两者是公认的心血管危险因素。鉴于剧烈体育活动可能会增加发生不良心血管结局的易感性，我们在此研究了MTHFR C677T和A1298C以及PON1 Q192R基因多态性对28名男子水球精英运动员心血管风险标志物的影响。在静息状态下，同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）和晚期氧化蛋白产物（AOPP）的平均血浆水平高于参考限值，且在比赛后升高。此外，发现Hcy与AOPP浓度之间存在正相关，并且它们的变化（运动后/运动前值的比率）与乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和肌酸激酶（CK）活性的变化之间也存在正相关，LDH和CK活性是已知的肌肉损伤标志物。MTHFR CT/AC或TT/AA基因型受试者以及PON1 QR192基因型受试者的Hcy和AOPP值最高。运动后，CT/AC或TT/AA基因型受试者的Hcy浓度比具有其他MTHFR基因型的运动员显著升高。还观察到训练导致血浆中LDH和CK活性以及肌红蛋白浓度增加，尽管仅在MTHFR CT/AC或TT/AA基因型的运动员中发现CK活性存在显著差异。
