Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Mar 22;15(4):571. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15040571.
To study the horizontal and vertical distribution of chromium (Cr) in the soil of a chromate production site (CPS) and its nearby area (NA-CPS) in south central China, 61 profiles (depth: 14 m) in the CPS and 69 samples (topsoil) were excavated following a grid-sampling method. The geographic coordinates, elevation, and types of soil layers were recorded, and the total Cr in the soil and the total Cr and Cr(VI) in the leachate of the soil and in the groundwater were determined. Migration of Cr in surface soils may be represented in terms of a multiple linear regression equation (² = 0.632). Distance, elevation, and pH are the primary factors that influence the horizontal distribution of Cr content in the surface soils, while the Cr concentration in different soil profiles mostly obeys the positive or negative binomial distributions. For a positive distribution, the Cr concentration decreases with increasing depth in the 0.0-8.0 m soil layer, under the fixing effect of soil. However, it shows an upward trend with a depth in the 8-14 m soil layer under the influence of Cr-polluted phreatic water. Under a negative distribution, Cr content is stable in the 0-6 m layer because of the influence of chromite ore processing residue mixed with miscellaneous fills, but it decreases obviously in the 6-14 m layer under the fixing effect of soil. Similar vertical distributions were observed for pH, , , and . The decreasing amplitude of the Cr concentration for binomial distributions is mainly affected by the Cr concentration, pH, and of the soil. Moreover, of soil increases with pH, and the type of soil layer is the primary factor influencing in the soil profiles. Our results of the horizontal and vertical distributions of Cr could be used to guide investigations that are focused on reducing the number of samples in the horizontal and vertical directions at CPSs, and to improve risk assessments of CPSs and nearby areas.
为研究中国中南部某铬酸盐生产场地（CPS）及其附近地区（NA-CPS）土壤中铬（Cr）的水平和垂直分布，采用网格采样法在 CPS 中挖掘了 61 个剖面（深度：14 m），在 NA-CPS 中挖掘了 69 个样本（表土）。记录了地理坐标、海拔和土壤类型，并测定了土壤中的总 Cr 和土壤浸出液以及地下水中的总 Cr 和 Cr(VI)。表层土壤中 Cr 的迁移可用多元线性回归方程表示（²=0.632）。距离、海拔和 pH 是影响表层土壤中 Cr 含量水平分布的主要因素，而不同土壤剖面中的 Cr 浓度大多服从正或负二项分布。对于正分布，在 0.0-8.0 m 土壤层中，Cr 浓度随深度的增加而降低，这是土壤固定作用的结果。然而，在 8-14 m 土壤层中，Cr 浓度受受污染潜水的影响呈上升趋势。对于负分布，在 0-6 m 层中，由于铬铁矿加工残渣与杂填土混合的影响，Cr 含量稳定，但在 6-14 m 层中，由于土壤固定作用，Cr 含量明显下降。pH、、、也存在类似的垂直分布。二项分布中 Cr 浓度的下降幅度主要受土壤中 Cr 浓度、pH 和的影响。此外，土壤中的随 pH 增加而增加，土壤类型是影响土壤剖面中 的主要因素。我们对 Cr 的水平和垂直分布的研究结果可用于指导减少 CPS 及其附近地区水平和垂直方向采样数量的调查，并改进 CPS 及其附近地区的风险评估。
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