Clinical Investigation Center 1404, IRIB, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France.
Rouen University Hospital, Inserm U1073, IRIB, Rouen, France.
PLoS One. 2018 Mar 22;13(3):e0194188. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194188. eCollection 2018.
Healthcare students are future health care providers and serve as role models and coaches to enhance behaviors for healthy lifestyles. However healthcare students face multiple stressors that could lead to adopting risk behaviors.
To assess the changes in health risk factors among healthcare students between 2007 and 2015, and to identify specific health behaviors based on the curriculum in a population of healthcare students.
Two cross sectionnal studies were conducted in 2007 and 2015 among nursing, medical, pharmacy, and physiotherapy students (Rouen, France). During compulsory courses and examination sessions students filled self-administered questionnaires on socio-demographic characteristics and behavior as: tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, cannabis consumption, eating disorders, regular practice of sport, perceived health, stress and use of psychotropic drugs.
2,605 healthcare students were included (1,326 in 2007 and 1,279 in 2015), comprising 1,225 medical students (47.0%), 738 nursing students (28.3%), 362 pharmacy students (13.9%), and 280 physiotherapy students (10.8%). Between 2007 and 2015, occasional binge drinking and regular practice of sport increased significantly among healthcare students, respectively AOR = 1.48 CI95% (1.20-1.83) and AOR = 1.33 CI95% (1.11-1.60), regular cannabis consumption decreased significantly, AOR = 0.32 CI95% (0.19-0.54). There was no change in smoking or overweight/obese. There was a higher risk of frequent binge drinking and a lower risk of tobacco smoking in all curricula than in nursing students. Medical students practiced sport on a more regular basis, were less overweight/obese, had fewer eating disorders than nursing students.
Our findings demonstrate a stable frequency of classic behaviors as smoking but a worsening of emerging behaviors as binge drinking among healthcare students between 2007 and 2015. Health behaviors differed according to healthcare curricula and nursing students demonstrated higher risks. As health behaviors are positively related to favorable attitudes towards preventive counseling, therefore healthcare students should receive training in preventive counseling and develop healthy lifestyles targeted according to the health curriculum.
医疗保健专业学生是未来的医疗保健提供者，他们可以作为榜样和教练，促进健康生活方式的行为。然而，医疗保健专业学生面临着多种压力源，这可能导致他们采取风险行为。
评估 2007 年至 2015 年间医疗保健专业学生健康风险因素的变化，并根据医疗保健专业学生的课程确定特定的健康行为。
2007 年和 2015 年，在鲁昂（法国）的护理、医学、药学和理疗专业学生中进行了两项横断面研究。在必修课程和考试期间，学生填写了关于社会人口特征和行为的自我管理问卷，包括吸烟、饮酒、大麻使用、饮食失调、定期运动、感知健康、压力和使用精神药物。
共纳入 2605 名医疗保健专业学生（2007 年 1326 名，2015 年 1279 名），包括 1225 名医学生（47.0%）、738 名护理学生（28.3%）、362 名药学学生（13.9%）和 280 名理疗学生（10.8%）。2007 年至 2015 年间，医疗保健专业学生的偶尔狂饮和定期运动显著增加，分别为 AOR = 1.48 CI95%（1.20-1.83）和 AOR = 1.33 CI95%（1.11-1.60），定期使用大麻显著减少，AOR = 0.32 CI95%（0.19-0.54）。吸烟或超重/肥胖没有变化。与护理学生相比，所有课程的学生都有更高的频度狂饮风险和更低的吸烟风险。医学生更经常进行体育运动，超重/肥胖的比例较低，饮食失调的比例也低于护理学生。
我们的研究结果表明，在 2007 年至 2015 年间，医疗保健专业学生经典行为（如吸烟）的频率稳定，但新兴行为（如狂饮）恶化。根据医疗保健课程，健康行为存在差异，护理学生的风险更高。由于健康行为与预防性咨询的积极态度相关，因此医疗保健专业学生应接受预防性咨询培训，并根据健康课程制定健康的生活方式。
