不同国家医学生的生活方式与其对预防性咨询态度之间的关联。
The association between medical students' lifestyles and their attitudes towards preventive counseling in different countries.
作者信息
Yu Yan, Yang Yuxuan, Li Zhifang, Zhou Bo, Zhao Yi, Yuan Shen, Zhang Ruijuan, Sebranek Matthew, Veerman Lennert, Li Mu, Gong Enying, Chen Shu, Ma Wenjie, Huang Liping, Cho KaWing, Leeder Stephen, Yan Lijing
机构信息
Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No.76#, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi Province, China.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2015 Nov 14;15:1124. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2458-y.
BACKGROUND
Preventive counselling is an effective approach to reducing the prevalence of non-communicable diseases. Studies have shown that there is a positive association between healthy behaviors of Colombian medical students and favorable attitudes towards preventive counselling. However, there is limited research that explores this relationship in different countries. The current study aimed to determine how the health behaviors of medical students from China, U.S., and Australia, are associated with attitudes towards preventive counseling.
METHODS
Students from five Chinese medical schools, Duke University in the U.S., and the University of Queensland in Australia, completed a 32-item, self-reported online survey. The survey was used to examine the prevalence of healthy behaviors and their association with attitudes towards preventive counseling. The target sample size was 150 students from each grade, or 450 students in total from different medical universities. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between health behaviors and attitudes towards preventive counseling, stratified by grade and adjusted by gender.
RESULTS
A positive association was found between healthy behaviors and attitudes towards preventive counseling for all medical students. There are significant differences among medical students' self-reported health behaviors and their attitudes towards preventive counselling from three different countries (P < 0.05). Chinese medical students were more positive in stress control (OR > 1) and more passive in limiting their smoking and alcohol behaviors compared to medical students in Duke University. However, compared to medical students in University of Queensland, five Chinese medical students were more passive in stress control (OR < 1).
CONCLUSION
Based on the finding that healthy behaviors are positively related to favorable attitudes towards preventative counselling, medical students should adopt targeted courses and training in preventive counseling and develop healthy lifestyles.
背景
预防性咨询是降低非传染性疾病患病率的有效方法。研究表明，哥伦比亚医学生的健康行为与对预防性咨询的积极态度之间存在正相关。然而，在不同国家探索这种关系的研究有限。本研究旨在确定来自中国、美国和澳大利亚的医学生的健康行为与对预防性咨询的态度之间的关联。
方法
来自中国五所医学院校、美国杜克大学和澳大利亚昆士兰大学的学生完成了一项包含32个项目的自填式在线调查。该调查用于检查健康行为的患病率及其与对预防性咨询的态度之间的关联。目标样本量为每个年级150名学生，即来自不同医科大学的学生总数为450名。采用逻辑回归分析评估健康行为与对预防性咨询的态度之间的关联，按年级分层并按性别进行调整。
结果
所有医学生的健康行为与对预防性咨询的态度之间均存在正相关。来自三个不同国家的医学生自我报告的健康行为及其对预防性咨询的态度存在显著差异（P<0.05）。与杜克大学的医学生相比，中国医学生在压力控制方面更积极（OR>1），在限制吸烟和饮酒行为方面更消极。然而，与昆士兰大学的医学生相比，五所中国医学院校的医学生在压力控制方面更消极（OR<1）。
结论
基于健康行为与对预防性咨询的积极态度呈正相关这一发现，医学生应接受针对性的预防性咨询课程和培训，并养成健康的生活方式。
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