ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia.
Nanoscale. 2018 Apr 5;10(14):6235-6260. doi: 10.1039/C7NR09620H.
Emissions of CO2 from fossil fuel combustion and industrial processes have been regarded as the dominant cause of global warming. Electrochemical CO2 reduction (ECR), ideally in aqueous media, could potentially solve this problem by the storage of energy from renewable sources in the form of chemical energy in fuels or value-added chemicals in a sustainable manner. However, because of the sluggish reaction kinetics of the ECR, efficient, selective, and durable electrocatalysts are required to increase the rate this reaction. Despite considerable progress in using bulk metallic electrodes for catalyzing the ECR, greater efforts are still needed to tackle this grand challenge. In this Review, we highlight recent progress in using nanoengineering strategies to promote the electrocatalysts for the ECR. Through these approaches, considerable improvements in catalytic performance have been achieved. An outlook of future developments in applying and optimizing these strategies is also proposed.
化石燃料燃烧和工业过程产生的 CO2 排放被认为是全球变暖的主要原因。电化学 CO2 还原（ECR），理想情况下在水相介质中，可以通过将可再生能源的能量以化学能的形式储存在燃料中或可持续地储存在有价值的化学品中，从而解决这个问题。然而，由于 ECR 的反应动力学缓慢，需要高效、选择性和耐用的电催化剂来提高反应速率。尽管在使用块状金属电极催化 ECR 方面取得了相当大的进展，但仍需要更大的努力来应对这一重大挑战。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了利用纳米工程策略来促进 ECR 电催化剂的最新进展。通过这些方法，已经在催化性能方面取得了相当大的提高。还提出了未来应用和优化这些策略的发展展望。
