Hosseini-Beheshti Elham, Grau Georges Emile Raymond
Vascular Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Marie Bashir Institute and The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
Immunol Cell Biol. 2018 Mar 25. doi: 10.1111/imcb.12044.
In the last decades, extracellular vesicles have emerged as important elements in cell-cell communication and as key players in disease pathogenesis via transmission of their cargo between different cells. Various works have described different subpopulations of these membrane structures, based on their cell of origin, biogenesis, size, biophysical properties and cargo. In addition to their pathophysiological role in the development and progression of different diseases including infectious diseases, neurodegenerative disorders and cancer, extracellular vesicles are now recognized for their potential as novel therapeutic targets and intelligent drug delivery system. Here, we have reviewed the most recent data on different subtypes of extracellular vesicles, focusing on microvesicles and exosomes and their subpopulations, their involvement in immune-mediated pathogenesis of various infectious diseases and their role as potential therapeutic targets.
在过去几十年中，细胞外囊泡已成为细胞间通讯的重要元素，并且通过在不同细胞间传递其携带的物质，成为疾病发病机制中的关键参与者。基于其起源细胞、生物发生、大小、生物物理特性和携带物质，各种研究描述了这些膜结构的不同亚群。除了在包括传染病、神经退行性疾病和癌症在内的不同疾病的发生和发展中的病理生理作用外，细胞外囊泡现在因其作为新型治疗靶点和智能药物递送系统的潜力而受到认可。在此，我们综述了关于细胞外囊泡不同亚型的最新数据，重点关注微囊泡和外泌体及其亚群、它们在各种传染病的免疫介导发病机制中的作用以及它们作为潜在治疗靶点的作用。
