Urbinati Stefano, Tonet Elisabetta
Department of Cardiology, Bellaria Hospital, AUSL of Bologna, Bologna, Italy -
UO Cardiologia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona, Ferrara, Italy.
Minerva Cardioangiol. 2018 Aug;66(4):464-470. doi: 10.23736/S0026-4725.18.04674-1. Epub 2018 Mar 28.
Cardiac rehabilitation is the most important evidence-based intervention for secondary prevention after STEMI, nevertheless, only a minority of patients may access to a cardiac rehabilitation program. In this review the priority criteria for admission to cardiac rehabilitation and the main barriers that limit a larger involvement of the patients are discussed. Among the components of cardiac rehabilitation exercise is crucial and a tailored exercise training program and a tight monitoring of adherence to lifestyle recommendations are mandatory. Finally, the development of light cardiac rehabilitation pathways and home programs may allow a larger diffusion of outpatient programs. In conclusion, the participation to a cardiac rehabilitation program following STEMI is about 25-35% in western countries, and only 15% in Italy. Stressing the importance of cardiac rehabilitation participation is crucial for all post-myocardial infarction patients, particularly for the vulnerable socioeconomic populations.
心脏康复是ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）后二级预防最重要的循证干预措施，然而，只有少数患者能够参加心脏康复项目。本综述讨论了心脏康复的入院优先标准以及限制更多患者参与的主要障碍。在心脏康复的组成部分中，运动至关重要，必须制定量身定制的运动训练计划并严格监测对生活方式建议的依从性。最后，开发轻度心脏康复途径和家庭项目可能会使门诊项目得到更广泛的推广。总之，在西方国家，STEMI后参加心脏康复项目的比例约为25%-35%，在意大利仅为15%。强调心脏康复参与的重要性对所有心肌梗死后患者至关重要，尤其是对社会经济弱势群体。
