Ishida Hiromi
Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, Sakado, Japan.
Clin Calcium. 2018;28(4):507-512.
"Wasyoku;the traditional diets of Japan" refers to foods generally consumed by Japanese people, which is in contrast with the Western diets introduced by Europeans and Americans. The basic Japanese dietary pattern consists of rice as a staple food combined with one soup and two side dishes in a meal, making it easier to achieve a balanced nutritional status. However, salt content tends to be high in "Wasyoku", which negatively affects the overall health of an individual. Recently, Japanese's salt intake has been slowly decreasing;however, a further reduction by approximately 2 g per day is required to prevent hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. To reduce salt intake, while keeping a balanced nutritional status and obtaining adequate amount of energy and nutrients, one should be used to consume a lightly flavored food. However, as Japanese individuals have been accustomed to a high salt diet, which is directly related to a person's good taste or satisfaction level, shifting to lightly flavored foods is extremely difficult. Therefore, one of the methods developed to reduce salt intake is a "New Wasyoku;milk-plus traditional diets of Japan," a recipe utilizing the "koku" or umami taste of milk. The "New Wasyoku" is characterized by adopting to a milk/dairy product-based recipe, which promotes the realization of natural, healthy diets, while maintaining the palatability and nutritional balance of diets.
“和食:日本传统饮食”指的是日本人普遍食用的食物,这与欧美引入的西方饮食形成对比。日本基本的饮食模式是一餐以米饭为主食,搭配一汤两菜,这样更容易实现营养均衡。然而,和食的盐分含量往往较高,这对个人的整体健康产生负面影响。最近,日本人的盐摄入量一直在缓慢下降;然而,为预防高血压和心血管疾病,每天还需要进一步减少约2克盐的摄入量。为了在保持营养均衡以及获取足够能量和营养的同时减少盐的摄入量,人们应该习惯食用清淡口味的食物。然而,由于日本人一直习惯高盐饮食,而高盐饮食直接关系到人的味觉或满意度,因此转向清淡口味的食物极其困难。因此,为减少盐摄入量而开发的方法之一是“新和食:牛奶加日本传统饮食”,这是一种利用牛奶的“醇厚”或鲜味的食谱。“新和食”的特点是采用以牛奶/乳制品为基础的食谱,在保持饮食的适口性和营养平衡的同时,促进天然、健康饮食的实现。