Munich, Germany; Stanford, Calif.; Gainesville, Fla.; and Vienna and Linz, Austria.
From the Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Technical University Munich; the Hagey Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic Surgery, Stanford University; the College of Pharmacy, University of Florida; the Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna; and the Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kepler University Hospital Linz.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2018 Apr;141(4):600e-607e. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000004256.
The constant intrinsic and extrinsic stress the skin is exposed to leads to significant impairments of the regenerative capacity of aging skin. Current skin rejuvenation approaches lack the ability to holistically support the biological processes that exhaust during aging skin degeneration, such as collagen production, cell migration and proliferation, and new vessel formation. Similar to chronic wounds, aged skin is characterized by dysfunction of key cellular regulatory pathways impairing regeneration. Recent evidence suggests that the same mechanisms hindering a physiologic healing response in chronic wounds are the basis of impaired tissue homeostasis in aged skin. Dysfunction of a main response-to-injury pathway, the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α regulatory pathway, has been identified as pivotal both in chronic wounds and in aging skin degeneration. HIF-1α signaling is significantly involved in tissue homeostasis and neovascularization, resulting in the production of new collagen, elastin, and nourishing blood vessels. Modulating the functionality of this pathway has been demonstrated to significantly enhance tissue regeneration. In this review, we present an overview of the regenerative effects linked to the up-regulation of HIF-1α functionality, potentially resulting in skin rejuvenation on both the cellular level and the tissue level.
皮肤不断受到内在和外在的压力，这导致衰老皮肤的再生能力显著受损。目前的皮肤年轻化方法缺乏整体支持衰老皮肤退化过程中耗尽的生物学过程的能力，例如胶原蛋白生成、细胞迁移和增殖以及新血管形成。与慢性伤口类似，衰老的皮肤表现为关键细胞调节途径的功能障碍，从而损害再生。最近的证据表明，在慢性伤口中阻碍生理愈合反应的相同机制是衰老皮肤组织稳态受损的基础。缺氧诱导因子 (HIF)-1α 调节途径的主要反应损伤途径的功能障碍已被确定为慢性伤口和衰老皮肤退化的关键。HIF-1α 信号在组织稳态和新血管生成中起重要作用，导致新的胶原蛋白、弹性蛋白和营养血管的产生。已经证明调节该途径的功能可显著增强组织再生。在这篇综述中，我们概述了与 HIF-1α 功能上调相关的再生作用，这可能导致细胞水平和组织水平的皮肤年轻化。
