急性心脏压塞的识别与处理

Identification and Management of Acute Cardiac Tamponade.

作者信息

York Nancy L, Kane Christy, Smith Carol S

机构信息

Nancy L. York, PhD, RN, CNE, is dean of the Lansing School of Nursing and Clinical Sciences in the College of Health Professions at Bellarmine University, Louisville, Kentucky. Christy Kane, PhD, RRT-NPS, RRT-ACCS, AE-C, FAARC, is associate professor and chair of the Respiratory Therapy Department in the Lansing School of Nursing and Clinical Sciences in the College of Health Professions at Bellarmine University, Louisville, Kentucky. Carol S. Smith, PhD, RN, is assistant professor in the Lansing School of Nursing and Clinical Sciences in the College of Health Professions at Bellarmine University, Louisville, Kentucky.

出版信息

Dimens Crit Care Nurs. 2018 May/Jun;37(3):130-134. doi: 10.1097/DCC.0000000000000295.

DOI:10.1097/DCC.0000000000000295

PMID:29596289

Abstract

Although incidence is rare, acute cardiac tamponade (CT) is a cardiovascular condition often resulting in a high mortality rate. In acute CT, rapid accumulation of fluid occurs in the pericardial sac and prevents the heart's chambers from adequately filling with blood, leading to reduced diastolic filling, diminished stroke volumes, and subsequent hemodynamic instability. Health care providers should be aware of at-risk patients and the earliest signs and symptoms because an acute CT is considered a medical emergency.

摘要

尽管发病率很低，但急性心脏压塞（CT）是一种心血管疾病，常导致高死亡率。在急性心脏压塞中，心包腔内液体迅速积聚，阻碍心脏腔室充分充血，导致舒张期充盈减少、每搏输出量降低，进而引发血流动力学不稳定。医疗服务提供者应了解高危患者以及最早的体征和症状，因为急性心脏压塞被视为医疗急症。