a School of Community & Environmental Health , Old Dominion University & Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology , Norfolk , VA , USA.
b National Coalition for Sexual Freedom , Baltimore , MD , USA.
J Trauma Dissociation. 2018 Jul-Sep;19(4):476-489. doi: 10.1080/15299732.2018.1451972.
Hate crimes remain pressing traumatic events for sexual orientation minority adults. Previous literature documents patterns in which hate crime victimization is associated with elevated risk for poor mental health. The present paper held 2 aims to advance literature. First, we investigated the rates and types of hate crime victimization among sexual orientation minority adults. Second, adopting a mental health amplification risk model, we evaluated whether symptoms of depression, impulsivity, or post-traumatic stress exacerbated the hate crime victimization-suicide risk link. Participants were 521 adult sexual orientation minority-identifying members of the National Coalition for Sexual Freedom (i.e., a bondage and discipline, and sadomasochism-identifying sexuality special interest group). Participants completed demographic and mental health inventories via online administration. Results showed: (1) low rates of total lifetime hate crime victimization and (2) higher rates of interpersonal violence compared to property crime victimization within the sample. Regression results showed: (1) independent positive main effects of all 3 mental health symptom categories with suicide risk; (2) an interaction pattern in which impulsivity was positively associated with suicide risk for non-victims; and (3) an interaction pattern in which post-traumatic stress was positively associated with suicide risk for hate crime victims and non-victims. Results are discussed concerning implications for trauma-informed mental healthcare, mental health amplification models, and hate crime and suicide prevention policies.
仇恨犯罪仍然是性取向少数群体成年人的紧迫创伤事件。以前的文献记录了仇恨犯罪受害与心理健康恶化风险增加相关的模式。本文有两个目的，旨在推进文献研究。首先，我们调查了性取向少数群体成年人的仇恨犯罪受害率和类型。其次，采用心理健康放大风险模型，我们评估了抑郁、冲动或创伤后应激症状是否会加剧仇恨犯罪受害与自杀风险之间的联系。参与者是全国性自由联盟（即束缚和纪律，以及施虐受虐癖认同性特殊利益群体）的 521 名成年性取向少数群体认同成员。参与者通过在线管理完成了人口统计和心理健康清单。结果表明：（1）总终身仇恨犯罪受害率较低；（2）与财产犯罪受害相比，人际暴力受害率较高。回归结果表明：（1）所有 3 种心理健康症状类别与自杀风险均有独立的正相关主要影响；（2）冲动与非受害者的自杀风险呈正相关的相互作用模式；（3）创伤后应激与仇恨犯罪受害者和非受害者的自杀风险呈正相关的相互作用模式。结果讨论了对创伤知情心理健康护理、心理健康放大模型以及仇恨犯罪和自杀预防政策的影响。
