Department of Gene Therapy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
Center for Rehabilitation, RKU - University and Rehabilitation Hospitals Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
J Gene Med. 2018 Jun;20(6):e3018. doi: 10.1002/jgm.3018. Epub 2018 May 9.
The loss of bone tissue represents a critical clinical condition that is frequently faced by surgeons. Substantial progress has been made in the area of bone research, providing insight into the biology of bone under physiological and pathological conditions, as well as tools for the stimulation of bone regeneration. The present review discusses recent advances in the field of gene-enhanced bone tissue engineering. Gene transfer strategies have emerged as highly effective tissue engineering approaches for supporting the repair of the musculoskeletal system. By contrast to treatment with recombinant proteins, genetically engineered cells can release growth factors at the site of injury over extended periods of time. Of particular interest are the expedited technologies that can be applied during a single surgical procedure in a cost-effective manner, allowing translation from bench to bedside. Several promising methods based on the intra-operative genetic manipulation of autologous cells or tissue fragments have been developed in preclinical studies. Moreover, gene therapy for bone regeneration has entered the clinical stage with clinical trials for the repair of alveolar bone. Current trends in gene-enhanced bone engineering are also discussed with respect to the movement of the field towards expedited, translational approaches. It is possible that gene-enhanced bone tissue engineering will become a clinical reality within the next few years.
骨组织的丧失是外科医生经常面临的一个严重临床问题。在骨研究领域取得了重大进展，深入了解了生理和病理条件下的骨生物学，以及刺激骨再生的工具。本综述讨论了基因增强骨组织工程领域的最新进展。基因转移策略已成为支持修复肌肉骨骼系统的高效组织工程方法。与使用重组蛋白相比，基因工程细胞可以在受伤部位长时间释放生长因子。特别有趣的是，那些可以在单次手术过程中以具有成本效益的方式应用的加速技术，可以实现从实验室到临床的转化。在临床前研究中已经开发出几种基于自体细胞或组织片段术中遗传操作的有前途的方法。此外，骨再生的基因治疗已经进入临床试验阶段，用于修复牙槽骨。还讨论了基因增强骨工程的当前趋势，以及该领域向加速、转化方法的发展。在未来几年内，基因增强骨组织工程有可能成为临床现实。
