İla Kadri, Yilmaz Nihat, Öner Serkan, Başaran Efser, Öner Zülal
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Karabük University Faculty of Medicine, Karabük, Turkey.
Department of Radiology, Medical Faculty, Karabük University Faculty of Medicine, Karabük, Turkey.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2018 Jul;40(7):841-846. doi: 10.1007/s00276-018-2010-8. Epub 2018 Mar 30.
Concha bullosa is generally regarded as pneumatisation of the middle turbinate in the nose. However, pneumatisation may also be seen in the superior and inferior turbinate. Computed tomography (CT) of paranasal sinuses is extremely helpful for the examination of this inaccessible area. Coronal CT sections of paranasal sinuses are particularly useful for surgical anatomy, as these images show nearly the same regions as the endoscopic examinations. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the presence, incidence and unilaterality-bilaterality of superior turbinate pneumatisation and concomitant nasal pathologies.
A total of 1000 patients who underwent CT of the paranasal sinuses because of headaches, nasal obstructions, anosmia, facial pain or facial trauma were evaluated retrospectively.
Among the 1000 patients, superior pneumatized turbinate was seen on CT images of the paranasal sinuses in 149 (14.9%) cases. Of these patients, 84 were female, 65 were male, and the mean age was 38.14 years. Among 149 patients, 58 patients had bilateral superior pneumatized turbinate and the remaining 91 patients had unilateral superior pneumatized turbinate. 60.4% of the patients with superior pneumatized turbinate also had middle pneumatized turbinate.
The superior pneumatized turbinate is an anatomical variation with an incidence ranging from 12.2 to 50%. The present study revealed that there is no relationship between volume size of the superior pneumatized turbinates and sinusitis, nasal septum deviation and paradoxical middle concha. It is very important to define anatomical variations in the preoperative CT evaluation of the paranasal sinuses.
泡状鼻甲通常被认为是鼻腔中鼻甲的气化。然而，上鼻甲和下鼻甲也可能出现气化。鼻窦计算机断层扫描（CT）对于检查这个难以触及的区域极为有用。鼻窦冠状位CT扫描对于手术解剖特别有用，因为这些图像显示的区域与内镜检查所见几乎相同。本回顾性研究的目的是评估上鼻甲气化的存在情况、发生率以及单侧或双侧情况，以及伴随的鼻腔病变。
对因头痛、鼻塞、嗅觉减退、面部疼痛或面部创伤而接受鼻窦CT检查的1000例患者进行回顾性评估。
在1000例患者中，鼻窦CT图像上发现149例（14.9%）存在上鼻甲气化。其中女性84例，男性65例，平均年龄38.14岁。在149例患者中，58例为双侧上鼻甲气化，其余91例为单侧上鼻甲气化。60.4%的上鼻甲气化患者同时存在中鼻甲气化。
上鼻甲气化是一种解剖变异，发生率在12.2%至50%之间。本研究表明，上鼻甲气化的体积大小与鼻窦炎、鼻中隔偏曲及反常中鼻甲之间无相关性。在鼻窦术前CT评估中明确解剖变异非常重要。
