Soller Brian, Jackson Aubrey L
Department of Sociology, University of New Mexico, MSC05 3080, 1915 Roma NE Ste. 1103, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA.
Soc Sci Res. 2018 May;72:100-114. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2018.01.005. Epub 2018 Feb 2.
Scholars have linked neighborhood characteristics to self-efficacy, but few have considered how gender factors into this association. We integrate literature on neighborhoods, gender stratification, and self-efficacy to examine the association between women's relative resources among neighborhood residents and adolescents' self-efficacy. We hypothesize that girls report more self-efficacy when they reside in neighborhoods where women have more socioeconomic resources relative to men. We test this hypothesis using data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods and the 1990 Census. Results from multilevel regression models with gender-interacted effects indicate the neighborhood level of women's relative resources was not associated with boys' self-efficacy. However, girls reported higher self-efficacy when women's relative resources in their neighborhoods were greater. This association persisted after including potential individual- and neighborhood-level confounding variables. Our study underscores the importance of attending to gendered processes when understanding how neighborhoods impact youth.
学者们已将社区特征与自我效能感联系起来，但很少有人考虑性别因素在这种关联中所起的作用。我们整合了有关社区、性别分层和自我效能感的文献，以研究社区居民中女性的相对资源与青少年自我效能感之间的关联。我们假设，当女孩居住在女性相对于男性拥有更多社会经济资源的社区时，她们会表现出更强的自我效能感。我们使用来自芝加哥社区人类发展项目和1990年人口普查的数据来检验这一假设。具有性别交互效应的多层次回归模型结果表明，社区层面女性的相对资源与男孩的自我效能感无关。然而，当社区中女性的相对资源更多时，女孩报告的自我效能感更高。在纳入潜在的个体和社区层面的混杂变量后，这种关联依然存在。我们的研究强调了在理解社区如何影响青少年时关注性别化过程的重要性。
