Magalhães Junior Hipólito V, Pernambuco Leandro de Araújo, Lima Kenio C, Ferreira Maria Angela F
Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil.
Gerodontology. 2018 Apr 3. doi: 10.1111/ger.12333.
Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a swallowing disorder with signs and symptoms which may be present in older adults, but they are rarely noticed as a health concern by older people. The earliest possible identification of this clinical condition is needed by self-reported population-based screening questionnaire, which are valid and reliable for preventing risks to nutritional status, increased morbidity and mortality.
The aim of this systematic review was to identify self-reported screening questionnaires for oropharyngeal dysphagia in older adults to evaluate their methodological quality for population-based studies.
An extensive search of electronic databases (PubMed (MEDLINE), Ovid MEDLINE(R), Scopus, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science (WOS), PsycINFO (APA), Lilacs and Scielo) was conducted in the period from April to May 2017 using previously established search strategies by the two evaluators. The methodological quality and the psychometric properties of the included studies were evaluated by the COSMIN (Consensus based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments) checklist and the quality criteria of Terwee and colleagues, respectively.
The analysed information was extracted from three articles which had conducted studies on the prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia by self-reported screening questionnaires, showing poor methodological quality and flaws in the methodological description to demonstrate its psychometric properties.
This study did not find any self-reported screening questionnaires for oropharyngeal dysphagia with suitable methodological quality and appropriate evidence in its psychometric properties for elders. Therefore, the self-reported questionnaires within the diagnostic proposal require greater details in its process for obtaining valid and reliable evidence.
口咽吞咽困难是一种吞咽障碍，其体征和症状可能出现在老年人中，但老年人很少将其视为健康问题。基于人群的自我报告筛查问卷需要尽早识别这种临床状况，这些问卷对于预防营养状况风险、发病率和死亡率增加是有效且可靠的。
本系统评价的目的是识别用于老年人口咽吞咽困难的自我报告筛查问卷，以评估其在基于人群研究中的方法学质量。
2017年4月至5月期间，两位评估者使用先前制定的检索策略，对电子数据库（PubMed（MEDLINE）、Ovid MEDLINE（R）、Scopus、Cochrane图书馆、CINAHL、科学引文索引（WOS）、心理学文摘（APA）、Lilacs和Scielo）进行了广泛检索。纳入研究的方法学质量和心理测量特性分别通过COSMIN（基于共识的健康测量工具选择标准）清单和特维等人的质量标准进行评估。
分析的信息来自三篇通过自我报告筛查问卷对口咽吞咽困难患病率进行研究的文章，这些文章显示出较差的方法学质量以及方法学描述中的缺陷，无法证明其心理测量特性。
本研究未发现任何用于老年人的口咽吞咽困难自我报告筛查问卷具有合适的方法学质量及其心理测量特性的适当证据。因此，诊断建议中的自我报告问卷在获取有效和可靠证据的过程中需要更详细的信息。
