Tochino Y
Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan.
Crit Rev Immunol. 1987;8(1):49-81.
Type 1 diabetes has been recognized as an organ-specific autoimmune disease. The NOD mouse showed a marked infiltration of T cells into the pancreatic islets and selectively destroyed B cells. The overt diabetes appeared in 90% of the females. Both T- and B-cell functions were markedly disturbed in the overt diabetes. Athymic NOD mice showed little incidence of insulitis. Some immunomodulators induced the overt diabetes. The NOD mouse has many similarities with diabetic profiles including biochemical, morphological, and immunological features of type 1 diabetes. Mice are familiar studies for genetic and immunological analyses. Therefore, the NOD mouse might be a useful model for elucidating etiopathogenesis of type 1 diabetes.
1型糖尿病已被公认为是一种器官特异性自身免疫性疾病。非肥胖型糖尿病（NOD）小鼠表现出T细胞显著浸润至胰岛，并选择性地破坏B细胞。90%的雌性小鼠出现明显的糖尿病症状。在明显的糖尿病状态下，T细胞和B细胞的功能均受到显著干扰。无胸腺NOD小鼠的胰岛炎发病率很低。一些免疫调节剂可诱发明显的糖尿病。NOD小鼠在包括1型糖尿病的生化、形态学和免疫学特征等糖尿病概况方面有许多相似之处。小鼠是进行遗传和免疫分析的常见研究对象。因此，NOD小鼠可能是阐明1型糖尿病病因发病机制的有用模型。
