Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization of New Wheat- Introgression Lines for Improving Grain Quality of Wheat.

As an important relative of wheat ( L), contains novel high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs) encoded by genes. We identified new wheat- chromosome introgression lines including chromosomes 1V and 1VL.5VL by fluorescence hybridization (FISH) combined with molecular markers. We found that chromosome changes occurred in the wheat- introgression lines and particularly induced the deletion of 5BS terminal repeats and formation of a new type of 5B-7B reciprocal translocation. The results imply that the chromosome 1V may contain genes which induce chromosomal recombination in wheat background. Ten putative high molecular weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) genes from and wheat- introgression lines were isolated. The lengths of the HMW-GS genes in were significantly shorter than typical HMW-GS of common wheat. A new y-type HMW-GS gene, named , was characterized in wheat- 1V introgression lines. The new wheat- germplasm displayed reduced plant height, increased tillers and superior grain protein and gluten contents, improved gluten performance index. The results showed considerable potential for utilization of chromosome 1V segments in future wheat improvement.