Harioly Nirina M O M, Rasolonjatovo A S, Tsifanesy B G, Rakotoarivelo Z H, Raheritiana T M, Rakoto Alson A O, Rasamindrakotroka A
Laboratoire d'hématologie, CHU Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar.
Service de gastroentérologie, CHU Joseph Raseta Befelatanana, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar.
Med Sante Trop. 2018 Feb 1;28(1):73-75. doi: 10.1684/mst.2018.0763.
Monoclonal gammopathies are common abnormalities and their incidence increases with age. They are detected in roughly 3 % of people older over 50 years and up to 7 % of those over 70 years. Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by the proliferation of plasma cells within the bone marrow and excess secretion of monoclonal immunoglobulins. In Madagascar, late performance of biological examinations such as serum protein electrophoresis overestimates MM rates. We studied 54 patient records between March 2009 and January 2015 in the biology laboratory of the Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona university hospital in Antananarivo (Madagascar). Monoclonal gammopathy was associated with multiple myeloma in most cases (88.9 %). Patients' median age was 64.2 years. Men were slightly more affected than women. It is discovered most frequently due to bone symptoms (83.3 %), and anemia is always present. Monoclonal gammopathy is mostly IgG. The bone marrow study showed medullary plasmacytosis. This disease appears most often in the elderly and has a slight male predominance. Bone marrow cytology is mandatory for diagnosis.
单克隆丙种球蛋白病是常见的异常情况，其发病率随年龄增长而增加。在50岁以上的人群中，约3%的人可检测到该病，而在70岁以上的人群中，这一比例高达7%。多发性骨髓瘤（MM）的特征是骨髓内浆细胞增殖以及单克隆免疫球蛋白分泌过多。在马达加斯加，血清蛋白电泳等生物学检查开展较晚，导致多发性骨髓瘤的发病率被高估。我们研究了2009年3月至2015年1月期间在塔那那利佛（马达加斯加）约瑟夫·拉沃阿杭伊·安德里亚纳瓦洛纳大学医院生物实验室的54份患者记录。在大多数情况下（88.9%），单克隆丙种球蛋白病与多发性骨髓瘤相关。患者的中位年龄为64.2岁。男性受影响略多于女性。该病最常因骨骼症状（83.3%）被发现，且总是伴有贫血。单克隆丙种球蛋白病大多为IgG型。骨髓检查显示骨髓浆细胞增多。这种疾病最常出现在老年人中，男性略占优势。骨髓细胞学检查对诊断至关重要。
