Corrêa Elizabeth Nappi, Retondario Anabelle, Alves Mariane de Almeida, Bricarello Liliana Paula, Rockenbach Gabriele, Hinnig Patrícia de Fragas, Neves Janaina das, Vasconcelos Francisco de Assis Guedes de
PhD. Dietitian and Assistant Professor, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis (SC), Brazil.
MSc. Dietitian and Doctoral Student, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis (SC), Brazil.
Sao Paulo Med J. 2018 May-Jun;136(3):200-207. doi: 10.1590/1516-3180.2017.0211061217. Epub 2018 Mar 29.
Access to food retailers is an environmental determinant that influences what people consume. This study aimed to test the association between the use of food outlets and schoolchildren's intake of minimally processed and ultra-processed foods.
This was a cross-sectional study conducted in public and private schools in Florianópolis, state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil, from September 2012 to June 2013.
The sample consisted of randomly selected clusters of schoolchildren aged 7 to 14 years, who were attending 30 schools. Parents or guardians provided socioeconomic and demographic data and answered questions about use of food outlets. Dietary intake was surveyed using a dietary recall questionnaire based on the previous day's intake. The foods or food groups were classified according to the level of processing. Negative binomial regression was used for data analysis.
We included 2,195 schoolchildren in the study. We found that buying foods from snack bars or fast-food outlets was associated with the intake frequency of ultra-processed foods among 11-14 years old in an adjusted model (incidence rate ratio, IRR: 1.11; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.01;1.23). Use of butchers was associated with the intake frequency of unprocessed/minimally processed foods among children 11-14 years old in the crude model (IRR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.01;1.22) and in the adjusted model (IRR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.06;1.17).
Use of butchers was associated with higher intake of unprocessed/minimally processed foods while use of snack bars or fast-food outlets may have a negative impact on schoolchildren's dietary habits.
食品零售商的可达性是影响人们饮食的一个环境决定因素。本研究旨在检验食品销售点的使用与学童对最低加工食品和超加工食品摄入量之间的关联。
这是一项横断面研究，于2012年9月至2013年6月在巴西南部圣卡塔琳娜州弗洛里亚诺波利斯的公立和私立学校进行。
样本由随机抽取的7至14岁学童群体组成，这些学童就读于30所学校。家长或监护人提供社会经济和人口统计学数据，并回答有关食品销售点使用情况的问题。使用基于前一天摄入量的饮食回忆问卷对饮食摄入量进行调查。根据加工程度对食物或食物类别进行分类。数据分析采用负二项回归。
我们纳入了2195名学童进行研究。我们发现，在调整模型中，从小吃店或快餐店购买食品与11至14岁儿童超加工食品的摄入频率相关（发病率比值比，IRR：1.11；95%置信区间，CI：1.01；1.23）。在未调整模型（IRR：1.11；95%CI：1.01；1.22）和调整模型（IRR：1.11；95%CI：1.06；1.17）中，光顾肉店与11至14岁儿童未加工/最低加工食品的摄入频率相关。
光顾肉店与未加工/最低加工食品的较高摄入量相关，而光顾小吃店或快餐店可能对学童的饮食习惯产生负面影响。
