Department of Internal Medicine Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, TAC S135, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 2 Church Street S. Suite 209, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
Curr Obes Rep. 2018 Jun;7(2):122-129. doi: 10.1007/s13679-018-0303-1.
In the modern obesogenic environment, food cues play a crucial role in the development of obesity by disrupting hormone and energy balance mechanisms. Thus, it is critical to understand the neurobiology of feeding behaviors and obesity in the context of ubiquitous food cues. The current paper reviews the physiology of feeding, hormonal regulation of energy balance, and food cue responses and discusses their contributions to obesity.
Food cues have strong impact on human physiology. Obese individuals have altered food cue-elicited responses in the brain and periphery, overpowering hormone and energy balance regulation. Disrupted homeostasis during food cue exposure leads to continued food intake, unsuccessful weight management, and poor treatment outcomes, which further contributes to obesity epidemic. Findings from the review emphasize the crucial role of food cues in obesity epidemic, which necessitates multidimensional approaches to the prevention and treatment of obesity, including psychosocial interventions to reduce food cue reactivity, along with conventional treatment.
目的综述：在现代致肥胖环境中，食物线索通过破坏激素和能量平衡机制，在肥胖的发展中起着至关重要的作用。因此，了解进食行为和肥胖的神经生物学在普遍存在的食物线索背景下至关重要。本文综述了摄食的生理学、能量平衡的激素调节以及食物线索的反应，并讨论了它们对肥胖的贡献。
最新发现：食物线索对人体生理学有很大的影响。肥胖个体的大脑和外周对食物线索的反应发生改变，削弱了激素和能量平衡的调节。在食物线索暴露期间的内稳态破坏会导致持续的食物摄入、不成功的体重管理和较差的治疗结果，从而进一步导致肥胖流行。综述结果强调了食物线索在肥胖流行中的关键作用，这需要采取多维方法来预防和治疗肥胖，包括减少食物线索反应的心理社会干预措施，以及常规治疗。
