Visscher C, Kruse A, Sander S, Keller C, Mischok J, Tabeling R, Henne H, Deitmer R, Kamphues J
Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany.
Boehringer Ingelheim Veterinary Research Center GmbH & Co. KG, Hannover, Germany.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2018 Apr;102 Suppl 1:3-15. doi: 10.1111/jpn.12860.
In the fattening of male pigs, boar odour is a major problem with regard to the acceptance of the meat by consumers. Skatole can be one cause. Tryptophan from non-digested feed ingredients and intestinal cell debris can be the precursor in skatole formation. Lawsonia intracellularis, one of the most widespread pathogens in swine, promotes the epithelial cell turnover and might favour the tryptophan influx into the hindgut. Therefore, the question arises how far the severity of a Lawsonia intracellularis infection has an effect on results of dietary experiments with specific issues. Fifty finishing boars from a specific pathogen-free farm were randomly allotted to ten boxes in five feeding groups. Natural developing Lawsonia intracellularis colonisation was monitored serologically (twice individually) and molecular biologically (weekly individually). Over 4 weeks, animals were fed either a finely ground pelleted diet (FP), a coarsely ground meal diet (CM), a meal diet either with 22% cracked corn (CORN), 16.9% dried whey (WHEY) or 30% raw potato starch (RPS). Fifty % of animals showing lower differences in serological Lawsonia intracellularis values between the start and the end of the trial were characterised by a higher dry matter content in faeces (256 ± 29.4 vs. 239 ± 23.6 g/kg). Lawsonia intracellularis-negative caecal samples showed the highest butyrate concentrations (27.2 ± 7.53 mmol/kg). Lawsonia intracellularis-negative faecal samples of group FP showed the highest DM levels in faeces (neg: 290 ± 46.1/pos: 250 ± 52.2 g/kg); negative samples from group RPS had the lowest values (217 ± 24.4 g/kg). Lawsonia intracellularis-negative faecal samples from the group CM were lower in skatole than positive samples (82.8 ± 32.8 vs. 119 ± 29.3 μg/g DM). RPS group samples without pathogen detection had the lowest skatole concentrations (30.5 ± 36.3 μg/g DM). This study provides first evidence that clinically unremarkable colonisation with intestinal pathogens might influence the results of dietary approaches.
在雄性猪育肥过程中，公猪异味是影响消费者接受猪肉的一个主要问题。粪臭素可能是原因之一。未消化的饲料成分中的色氨酸和肠细胞碎片可能是粪臭素形成的前体。胞内劳森菌是猪中最普遍的病原体之一，它会促进上皮细胞更新，可能有利于色氨酸流入后肠。因此，问题在于胞内劳森菌感染的严重程度对特定问题的饮食实验结果有多大影响。来自一个无特定病原体猪场的50头育肥公猪被随机分配到五个饲养组的十个栏中。通过血清学（个体检测两次）和分子生物学方法（个体每周检测一次）监测自然发生的胞内劳森菌定植情况。在4周时间里，给动物分别饲喂精细粉碎的颗粒饲料（FP）、粗粉碎的粉料（CM）、添加22%碎玉米（CORN）、16.9%干乳清（WHEY）或30%生马铃薯淀粉（RPS）的粉料。试验开始和结束时血清中胞内劳森菌值差异较小的动物中，50%的动物粪便干物质含量较高（256±29.4 vs. 239±23.6 g/kg）。胞内劳森菌阴性的盲肠样本丁酸浓度最高（27.2±7.53 mmol/kg）。FP组胞内劳森菌阴性的粪便样本粪便干物质水平最高（阴性：290±46.1/阳性：250±52.2 g/kg）；RPS组的阴性样本值最低（217±24.4 g/kg）。CM组胞内劳森菌阴性的粪便样本粪臭素含量低于阳性样本（82.8±32.8 vs. 119±29.3 μg/g干物质）。未检测到病原体的RPS组样本粪臭素浓度最低（30.5±36.3 μg/g干物质）。本研究首次证明，肠道病原体的临床无明显定植可能会影响饮食方法的结果。
