Bukovac Lana Tambić, Perica Marija
Reumatizam. 2016;63 Suppl 1:53-8.
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic disorder in children and one of the most common causes of part-time or long-term disability. The term juvenile idiopathic arthritis defines the main characteristics of the disease: joint inflammation of unknown origin manifested before the 16th birthday and lasting for more than six weeks. JIA is very rare in infancy, with highest frequency in preschool age. It is not a single disease, but a group of disorders with some common features of different immunopathogenesis and with different clinical manifestations. According to the revised International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) criteria, JIA is classified into 8 subtypes, but this classification is still a “work in progress“ because with new knowledge gained in genetics and immunology, the classification will obviously have to be changed and refined. New research of the disease pathogenesis is the basis for the development of new and better treatments for JIA. The goal of such treatments is not just to relieve pain, but also to control inflammation and stop irreversible joint damage and long-term disability. Biological agents have significantly improved the disease prognosis.
幼年特发性关节炎（JIA）是儿童中最常见的风湿性疾病，也是导致部分或长期残疾的最常见原因之一。幼年特发性关节炎这一术语定义了该疾病的主要特征：16岁之前出现不明原因的关节炎症，且持续时间超过六周。JIA在婴儿期非常罕见，在学龄前发病率最高。它不是单一的疾病，而是一组具有不同免疫发病机制和不同临床表现的共同特征的疾病。根据修订后的国际风湿病联盟（ILAR）标准，JIA分为8个亚型，但这种分类仍在“完善中”，因为随着遗传学和免疫学新知识的获得，该分类显然需要改变和完善。对该疾病发病机制的新研究是开发针对JIA的更新、更好治疗方法的基础。此类治疗的目标不仅是缓解疼痛，还包括控制炎症、阻止不可逆的关节损伤和长期残疾。生物制剂显著改善了疾病预后。
