School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
J Nurs Manag. 2018 May;26(4):366-372. doi: 10.1111/jonm.12523. Epub 2018 Apr 6.
To determine the prevalence of psychological distress, and to explore the combined protective roles of self-esteem, perceived social support and job satisfaction against psychological distress.
Few studies have explored the combined protective effect of self-esteem, perceived social support and job satisfaction on nurses' mental health in the same theoretical framework.
The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, a self-developed Job Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale were used to survey 581 nurses. The hypothesized model of the relationships among self-esteem, perceived social support, job satisfaction and psychological distress was tested with structural equation modelling.
The prevalence of psychological distress was 92.3%. Job satisfaction exerted the strongest direct protective effect against psychological distress, with perceived social support and self-esteem exerting the second and third strongest direct protective effects, respectively. Additionally, self-esteem had an indirect protective effect.
Chinese nurses showed a surprisingly high prevalence of psychological distress. Job satisfaction, self-esteem and perceived social support were identified, in this order of importance, as protective factors against psychological distress.
Nurse administrators should take measures to improve nurses' job satisfaction and social support, and hire individuals with high self-esteem as nurses.
确定心理困扰的患病率，并探讨自尊、感知社会支持和工作满意度对心理困扰的综合保护作用。
很少有研究在同一理论框架内探讨自尊、感知社会支持和工作满意度对护士心理健康的综合保护作用。
使用罗森伯格自尊量表、多维感知社会支持量表、自行设计的工作满意度问卷和凯斯勒心理困扰量表对 581 名护士进行了调查。采用结构方程模型检验了自尊、感知社会支持、工作满意度与心理困扰之间关系的假设模型。
心理困扰的患病率为 92.3%。工作满意度对心理困扰具有最强的直接保护作用，感知社会支持和自尊分别具有第二和第三强的直接保护作用。此外，自尊具有间接保护作用。
中国护士表现出令人惊讶的高心理困扰患病率。工作满意度、自尊和感知社会支持依次被确定为预防心理困扰的保护因素。
护理管理人员应采取措施提高护士的工作满意度和社会支持，并招聘具有高自尊的个体作为护士。
