Straub T, Reynaud M, Yaron M
Hôpital cantonal de Fribourg, HFR, Fribourg 1700, Suisse.
Hôpital des Trois-Chênes (HUG), Genève, Suisse.
Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol. 2018 Apr;46(4):414-418. doi: 10.1016/j.gofs.2018.03.002. Epub 2018 Apr 4.
Intrauterine device (IUD) is a reliable contraceptive method that is long term reversible, and well tolerated. Numerous studies prove its efficiency and report rare complications that are attributed to it. However, its use is limited due to fear that it can cause a pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). This is based on historical data on infections related to the "Dalkon Shield", which was removed from the market in 1974.
The analyzed articles were extracted from PUBMED database between 2000 and 2016. In total, 22 studies were retained. A meta-analysis was not possible due to the methodological diversity among the selected articles contributing to this narrative review of the literature.
After analysis, the following factors influence the risk of PID linked to IUDs: an advanced age and sexually transmitted infections.
The risk of PID linked to IUDs is lower than 1%. This is explained by new models of IUD, better screening tests, more frequent follow-up of the patients and the improvement of care PID patients. In the light of our results, the threat of pelvic inflammatory disease should not hinder the use of IUDs.
宫内节育器（IUD）是一种可靠的避孕方法，具有长期可逆性且耐受性良好。众多研究证实了其有效性，并报告了与之相关的罕见并发症。然而，由于担心它会引发盆腔炎（PID），其使用受到限制。这是基于与“达康盾”相关的感染历史数据，该产品于1974年退出市场。
分析的文章于2000年至2016年间从PubMed数据库中提取。总共保留了22项研究。由于所选文章的方法多样性，无法进行荟萃分析，因此进行了本次文献叙述性综述。
经过分析，以下因素会影响与宫内节育器相关的盆腔炎风险：年龄增长和性传播感染。
与宫内节育器相关的盆腔炎风险低于1%。这可以通过新型宫内节育器、更好的筛查测试、对患者更频繁的随访以及盆腔炎患者护理的改善来解释。根据我们的结果，盆腔炎的威胁不应妨碍宫内节育器的使用。
