INERIS, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France; CNRS, EPOC, UMR 5805 CNRS, 33405 Talence, France; Université de Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805 CNRS, 33405 Talence, France.
INERIS, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Sep 1;634:267-278. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.296. Epub 2018 Apr 6.
The present study aimed at performing PM source apportionment, using positive matrix factorization (PMF), based on filter samples collected every 4h at a sub-urban station in the Paris region (France) during a PM pollution event in March 2015 (PM>50μgm for several consecutive days). The PMF model allowed to deconvolve 11 source factors. The use of specific primary and secondary organic molecular markers favoured the determination of common sources such as biomass burning and primary traffic emissions, as well as 2 specific biogenic SOA (marine+isoprene) and 3 anthropogenic SOA (nitro-PAHs+oxy-PAHs+phenolic compounds oxidation) factors. This study is probably the first one to report the use of methylnitrocatechol isomers as well as 1-nitropyrene to apportion secondary OA linked to biomass burning emissions and primary traffic emissions, respectively. Secondary organic carbon (SOC) fractions were found to account for 47% of the total OC. The use of organic molecular markers allowed the identification of 41% of the total SOC composed of anthropogenic SOA (namely, oxy-PAHs, nitro-PAHs and phenolic compounds oxidation, representing 15%, 9%, 11% of the total OC, respectively) and biogenic SOA (marine+isoprene) (6% in total). Results obtained also showed that 35% of the total SOC originated from anthropogenic sources and especially PAH SOA (oxy-PAHs+nitro-PAHs), accounting for 24% of the total SOC, highlighting its significant contribution in urban influenced environments. Anthropogenic SOA related to nitro-PAHs and phenolic compounds exhibited a clear diurnal pattern with high concentrations during the night indicating the prominent role of night-time chemistry but with different chemical processes involved.
本研究旨在对 2015 年 3 月巴黎地区（法国）一个 PM 污染事件期间每 4 小时采集的过滤样本进行 PM 源解析，使用正矩阵因子分解（PMF）。PMF 模型能够分解 11 个源因子。使用特定的一次和二次有机分子标志物有利于确定常见的来源，如生物质燃烧和一次交通排放，以及 2 种特定的生物源 SOA（海洋+异戊二烯）和 3 种人为 SOA（硝基多环芳烃+含氧多环芳烃+酚类化合物氧化）源。这项研究可能是首次报道使用甲基硝基儿茶酚异构体以及 1-硝基芘来分别分配与生物质燃烧排放和一次交通排放相关的二次 OA。发现二次有机碳（SOC）分数占总 OC 的 47%。有机分子标志物的使用可以识别总 SOC 中 41%的人为 SOA（即含氧多环芳烃、硝基多环芳烃和酚类化合物氧化，分别占总 OC 的 15%、9%和 11%）和生物源 SOA（海洋+异戊二烯）（总共占 6%）。研究结果还表明，总 SOC 的 35%来源于人为来源，特别是 PAH SOA（含氧多环芳烃+硝基多环芳烃），占总 SOC 的 24%，这突出表明其在城市影响环境中的重要贡献。与硝基多环芳烃和酚类化合物有关的人为 SOA 具有明显的日变化模式，夜间浓度较高，表明夜间化学作用显著，但涉及不同的化学过程。
