Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
Clinical Research Development Center of Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Addict Behav. 2018 Sep;84:62-68. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.03.016. Epub 2018 Mar 18.
It has been shown that smoking may be affected by metacognitions. This study aimed to evaluate the factor structure, reliability and validity of the Persian version of the Metacognitions about Smoking Questionnaire (MSQ) among a sample of Iranian male smokers.
When the English to Persian translation of the MSQ was performed, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were completed according to the four-factor solution of the original MSQ. Three hundred male treatment-seeking smokers (mean age = 41.37, SD = 15.90) filled out the Persian-translated version of the MSQ, the Smoking Effects Questionnaire (SEQ), and the Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale (NDSS).
The results of EFA revealed that the Persian version of the MSQ had a four-factor structure named positive metacognitions about cognitive regulation (PM-CR), positive metacognitions about emotional regulation (PM-ER), negative metacognitions about uncontrollability (NM-U), and negative metacognitions about cognitive interference (NM-CI). The findings of CFA also indicated that the four-factor structure of the Persian version of the MSQ had appropriate fit. Validity and reliability of the Persian version of the MSQ were found to be good. Negative metacognitions about smoking predicted nicotine dependence over and above smoking outcome expectancies. Positive metacognitions about emotion regulation explained daily cigarette use independent of smoking outcome expectancies.
The findings suggested that the Persian version of the MSQ had adequate psychometric properties among Iranian male treatment-seeking smokers.
已有研究表明，吸烟可能受到元认知的影响。本研究旨在评估伊朗男性吸烟者样本中吸烟元认知问卷（MSQ）的波斯语版本的结构因素、信度和效度。
当对 MSQ 进行英语到波斯语的翻译时，根据原始 MSQ 的四因素解决方案完成了探索性因子分析（EFA）和验证性因子分析（CFA）。300 名寻求治疗的男性吸烟者（平均年龄为 41.37，标准差为 15.90）填写了 MSQ、吸烟影响问卷（SEQ）和尼古丁依赖综合征量表（NDSS）的波斯语翻译版。
EFA 的结果表明，MSQ 的波斯语版本具有四个因素结构，分别命名为认知调节的积极元认知（PM-CR）、情绪调节的积极元认知（PM-ER）、不可控性的消极元认知（NM-U）和认知干扰的消极元认知（NM-CI）。CFA 的结果也表明，MSQ 波斯语版本的四因素结构具有适当的拟合度。MSQ 波斯语版本的效度和信度被认为是良好的。吸烟的消极元认知预测了尼古丁依赖，而吸烟结果预期则不然。情绪调节的积极元认知独立于吸烟结果预期解释了每日吸烟量。
研究结果表明，MSQ 的波斯语版本在伊朗男性寻求治疗的吸烟者中具有足够的心理测量学特性。
