Shell Health, Shell International B.V., P.O. Box 162, 2501 AN, The Hague, The Netherlands.
ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences, Inc., 1545 Route 22 E., Annandale, NJ 08801, USA.
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2018 Jun;95:323-332. doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2018.04.002. Epub 2018 Apr 6.
Cycloalkanes/naphthenes are constituents of complex hydrocarbon solvents, and hence an understanding of their toxicological profile is critical to establish safe limits for occupational exposures to these solvents. Although naphthenes are structurally related to and share a common metabolic fate with the straight and branched chain analogues, some toxicokinetic differences have been noted. The acute central nervous system response to volatile naphthenes in rodents has been shown to be slightly different compared to other alkane analogues. To determine whether these differences may extend to systemic effects with less volatile naphthenes, rats were exposed to 1500, 3000 or 6000 mg/m of a C-C aliphatic solvent containing 70% naphthenes, for 90 days. Effects were limited to adaptive liver enlargement in both sexes and kidney toxicity in the male rat. For comparative purposes, the results from this study were compared to published reports of a complex hydrocarbon solvent with a higher proportion of volatile C/C naphthenes and a mono-constituent naphthene (decahydronaphthalene). The results indicate that the systemic effects of naphthenes are similar to the straight and branched chain analogues and that the effects that are most relevant for human health evaluations of alkanes are acute central nervous system effects.
环烷烃/环烯烃是复杂碳氢溶剂的组成部分，因此了解其毒理学特征对于确定这些溶剂职业暴露的安全限值至关重要。尽管环烷烃在结构上与直链和支链类似物有关，并具有共同的代谢命运，但已注意到一些毒代动力学差异。与其他烷烃类似物相比，挥发性环烷烃对啮齿动物中枢神经系统的急性反应略有不同。为了确定这些差异是否可能扩展到挥发性较低的环烷烃的全身效应，将大鼠暴露于含有 70%环烷烃的 C-C 脂肪族溶剂中，浓度分别为 1500、3000 或 6000mg/m，暴露时间为 90 天。在雄性和雌性大鼠中，效应仅限于适应性肝肿大和肾毒性。为了进行比较，本研究的结果与发表的报告进行了比较，该报告涉及具有较高比例挥发性 C/C 环烷烃和单组分环烷烃（十氢化萘）的复杂碳氢溶剂。结果表明，环烷烃的全身效应与直链和支链类似物相似，对烷烃进行人类健康评估最相关的效应是急性中枢神经系统效应。
