Division of Epidemiology and Prevention Research (RWH, WZ), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2018 May;42(5):904-913. doi: 10.1111/acer.13627. Epub 2018 Apr 10.
Underage drinking has been associated with health-risk behaviors: unintentional and unprotected sex; physical and sexual assault; suicide; homicide; traffic and other unintentional injuries; and overdoses. Five drinks consumed over 2 hours by adult males and 4 drinks by adult females typically produce blood alcohol levels (BALs) of ≥0.08%, which the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism considers binge drinking. Being smaller, young adolescents can reach adult binge-drinking BALs of ≥0.08% with fewer drinks. Previous research indicates boys ages 9 to 13 would reach ≥0.08% with 3 drinks, 4 drinks at ages 14 to 15, and 5 drinks at ages ≥16. For girls, ≥0.08% is reached with ≥3 drinks at ages 9 to 17 and ≥4 drinks at ages ≥18. This study explores whether, among a national sample of high school students, adolescent binge drinking at ≥twice versus <twice the age-/gender-specific thresholds versus nonbinge drinking heightens associations of drinking with health-risk behaviors.
In 2015, the Youth Risk Behavior Survey asked a national probability sample of 15,624 high school students grades 9 to 12 (response rate 60%) about their past-month drinking and past-month or past-year health-risk behaviors. Logistic regressions with pairwise comparisons examined the association between different drinking levels and selected risk behaviors, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and drinking frequency.
Seven percent binged ≥twice and 9% <twice the age-/gender-specific thresholds, and 14% drank less than the binge thresholds. Significantly higher percentages of binge drinkers at ≥twice versus <twice the thresholds versus other drinkers reported illegal drug and tobacco use, risky sexual and traffic behaviors, physical fights, suicide, less school-night sleep, and poorer school grades.
Adolescent alcohol misuse screening should query the maximum number of drinks consumed per occasion and frequency of such consumption. State and national surveillance surveys should include those questions to investigate which individual, family, school, community, and policy interventions reduce consumption beyond binge thresholds and related health-risk behaviors.
未成年人饮酒与健康风险行为有关：意外和无保护的性行为；身体和性侵犯；自杀；他杀；交通和其他意外受伤；以及用药过量。成年男性饮酒 2 小时内饮用 5 杯，成年女性饮酒 4 杯，通常会导致血液酒精水平（BAL）≥0.08%，国家酒精滥用和酗酒研究所认为这是 binge drinking。由于体型较小，青少年只需饮用较少的酒就能达到成人 binge-drinking 的 BAL≥0.08%。先前的研究表明，9 至 13 岁的男孩饮用 3 杯、14 至 15 岁的男孩饮用 4 杯、≥16 岁的男孩饮用 5 杯就能达到≥0.08%的 BAL。对于女孩，9 至 17 岁的女孩饮用≥3 杯、≥18 岁的女孩饮用≥4 杯就能达到≥0.08%的 BAL。本研究探讨了在全国高中生样本中，青少年 binge drinking 的频率是否高于或低于年龄/性别特定阈值以及非 binge drinking 是否会增加饮酒与健康风险行为的关联。
2015 年，青少年风险行为调查（Youth Risk Behavior Survey）向全国范围内 9 至 12 年级的 15624 名高中生（回复率为 60%）询问了他们过去一个月的饮酒情况以及过去一个月或过去一年的健康风险行为。使用逻辑回归和两两比较的方法，调整年龄、性别、种族/族裔和饮酒频率后，对不同饮酒水平与选定风险行为之间的关联进行了研究。
7%的人 binge drinking≥两次，9%的人 binge drinking<两次年龄/性别特定阈值，14%的人饮酒量低于 binge drinking 阈值。与 binge drinking<两次阈值的人相比，binge drinking≥两次的人报告非法药物和烟草使用、危险性行为和交通事故、身体打架、自杀、夜间睡眠时间减少以及学业成绩较差的比例显著更高。
青少年酒精滥用筛查应询问每次饮酒的最大量和此类饮酒的频率。州和国家监测调查应包括这些问题，以调查哪些个体、家庭、学校、社区和政策干预措施能减少 binge drinking 及相关健康风险行为的发生。
