Maria Aristidou, MSc, RN Doctoral Candidate, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, and Special Scientist, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, European University of Cyprus. Fotini Vouzavali, PhD, MSc, RN High School Teacher, Vocational High School of Nurse Assistants, and Laboratory Instructor, Department of Nursing, Technological Educational Institute of Athens, Greece. Maria N. Karanikola, PhD, MSc, RN Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol. Ekaterini Lambrinou, PhD, MSc, RN Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol. Elizabeth Papathanassoglou, PhD, MSc, RN Associate Professor, Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2018 May/Jun;33(3):E10-E20. doi: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000000467.
Although out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors' physiological outcomes have been addressed, less is known on the holistic needs of individuals after OHCA, which hinders our ability to prioritize care around what really matters to survivors.
The aim of this study was to interpretatively synthesize qualitative findings on OHCA survivors' perceptions and meanings of life and death and existential issues.
We used a meta-ethnographic synthesis of published qualitative studies addressing the experiences of OHCA survivors based on a systematic literature search (CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, PubMed). Studies were selected based on predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. The identified studies were subjected to a quality appraisal based on the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme.
Based on eligibility criteria, 6 phenomenological studies were included, of overall medium to high quality. One core theme, "the reality of death," and 4 main themes were identified: "redefining existence"; "revaluing death"; "being familiar with, yet oblivious of death"; and "living consciously." Emerging from the realization of death, the themes appeared to describe a gradual progression toward living consciously.
An existential trajectory and a need for meaning are central in the experience of OHCA survivors. When existential issues are not addressed, the ongoing suffering may interfere with survivors' recovery and quality of life. Future research needs to address specific needs and ways to support survivors' meaning-making.
尽管已经研究了院外心脏骤停 (OHCA) 幸存者的生理结果，但对于 OHCA 后个体的整体需求知之甚少，这阻碍了我们根据对幸存者真正重要的内容来确定护理重点的能力。
本研究旨在对 OHCA 幸存者对生与死和存在问题的感知和意义的定性研究结果进行解释性综合。
我们使用基于系统文献检索（CINAHL、PsycINFO、Scopus、PubMed）的已发表定性研究来综合 OHCA 幸存者经历的元人种学综合方法。研究基于预先设定的纳入/排除标准进行选择。根据关键评估技能计划，对确定的研究进行了质量评估。
根据资格标准，纳入了 6 项具有中等到高度总体质量的现象学研究。确定了一个核心主题，“死亡的现实”，以及 4 个主要主题：“重新定义存在”；“重新评估死亡”；“熟悉但忽视死亡”；以及“有意识地生活”。从对死亡的认识中产生的这些主题似乎描述了向有意识地生活逐渐发展的过程。
存在轨迹和对意义的需求是 OHCA 幸存者经历的核心。当未解决存在问题时，持续的痛苦可能会干扰幸存者的康复和生活质量。未来的研究需要解决特定需求和支持幸存者意义建构的方法。
