Martin Jerry W, Moore Philip A, Li Hong, Ashworth Amanda J, Miles Dana M
J Environ Qual. 2018 Mar;47(2):263-269. doi: 10.2134/jeq2017.09.0383.
Ammonia (NH) scrubbers reduce amounts of NH and dust released from animal rearing facilities while generating nitrogen (N)-rich solutions, which may be used as fertilizers. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of various NH scrubber solutions on forage yields, N uptake, soil-test phosphorus (P), and P runoff. A small plot study was conducted using six treatments: (i) an unfertilized control, (ii) potassium bisulfate (KHSO) scrubber solution, (iii) aluminum sulfate [Al(SO) ⋅14HO, alum] scrubber solution, (iv) sodium bisulfate (NaHSO) scrubber solution, (v) sulfuric acid (HSO) scrubber solution, and (vi) ammonium nitrate (NHNO) fertilizer. The scrubber solutions were obtained from ARS Air Scrubbers attached to commercial broiler houses. All N sources were applied at a rate of 112 kg N ha. Plots were harvested approximately every 4 wk and soil-test P measurements were made, then a rainfall simulation study was conducted. Cumulative forage yields were greater ( < 0.05) for KHSO (7.6 Mg ha) and NaHSO (7.5 Mg ha) scrubber solutions than for alum (6.7 Mg ha) or HSO (6.5 Mg ha) scrubber solutions or for NHNO (6.9 Mg ha). All N sources resulted in higher yields than the control (5.1 Mg ha). The additional potassium in the KHSO treatment likely resulted in higher yields. Although Mehlich-III-extractable P was not affected, water-extractable P in soil was lowered by the alum-based scrubber solution, which also resulted in lower P runoff. This study demonstrates that N captured using NH scrubbers is a viable N fertilizer.
氨（NH₃）洗涤器可减少畜牧养殖设施中释放的氨和粉尘量，同时生成富含氮（N）的溶液，这些溶液可用作肥料。本研究的目的是确定各种氨洗涤器溶液对牧草产量、氮吸收、土壤有效磷（P）和磷径流的影响。采用六个处理进行了小区试验：（i）不施肥对照，（ii）硫酸氢钾（KHSO₄）洗涤器溶液，（iii）硫酸铝[Al₂(SO₄)₃·14H₂O，明矾]洗涤器溶液，（iv）硫酸氢钠（NaHSO₄）洗涤器溶液，（v）硫酸（H₂SO₄）洗涤器溶液，以及（vi）硝酸铵（NH₄NO₃）肥料。洗涤器溶液取自安装在商业肉鸡舍的美国农业研究局空气洗涤器。所有氮源的施用量均为112 kg N/ha。大约每4周收获一次小区，并进行土壤有效磷测量，然后开展降雨模拟研究。硫酸氢钾（7.6 Mg/ha）和硫酸氢钠（7.5 Mg/ha）洗涤器溶液的累计牧草产量高于明矾（6.7 Mg/ha）或硫酸（6.5 Mg/ha）洗涤器溶液或硝酸铵（6.9 Mg/ha），差异显著（P<0.05）。所有氮源处理的产量均高于对照（5.1 Mg/ha）。硫酸氢钾处理中额外的钾可能导致了更高的产量。尽管Mehlich-III可提取磷不受影响，但基于明矾的洗涤器溶液降低了土壤中的水溶磷，这也导致了更低的磷径流。本研究表明，使用氨洗涤器捕获的氮是一种可行的氮肥。
