Hasan Md Robiul, Crane Adam L, Ferrari Maud C O, Chivers Douglas P
Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, WCVM, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Anim Cogn. 2018 May;21(3):419-424. doi: 10.1007/s10071-018-1179-x. Epub 2018 Apr 10.
Anthropogenic noise pollution is recognized as a major global stressor of animals. While many studies have assessed the unimodal impacts of noise pollution with a focus on intraspecific acoustic communication, little is known about noise pollution on the perception of visual and chemical information. The 'distracted prey hypothesis' posits that processing noise interferes with processing other information in the brain. Here, we found evidence for such a cross-modal effect of noise on the antipredator behaviour of a freshwater prey fish, the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas. In laboratory trials, exposure to noise from a motorboat caused the total absence of the classical fright reaction of minnows to conspecific alarm cues, whereas an ambient noise control had no such impact. In natural habitats, the impairment of such antipredator behaviour due to noise pollution could have major fitness consequences. We discuss how our findings translate to animal ecology and the need for future studies that target specific management decisions regarding noise pollution.
人为噪声污染被认为是全球动物面临的主要压力源。虽然许多研究评估了噪声污染的单峰影响，重点关注种内声学通讯，但对于噪声污染对视觉和化学信息感知的影响却知之甚少。“分心猎物假说”认为，处理噪声会干扰大脑中其他信息的处理。在此，我们发现了噪声对淡水猎物鱼类黑头呆鱼（Pimephales promelas）的反捕食行为产生这种跨模态效应的证据。在实验室试验中，暴露于摩托艇的噪声导致黑头呆鱼对同种警报信号完全没有出现经典的惊吓反应，而环境噪声对照则没有这种影响。在自然栖息地中，噪声污染导致的这种反捕食行为受损可能会对适应性产生重大影响。我们讨论了我们的研究结果如何转化为动物生态学以及未来针对噪声污染具体管理决策的研究需求。
