Bernardo Wagner Luiz de Carvalho, Silva Jeferson Júnior da, Höfling José Francisco, Rosa Edvaldo Antônio Ribeiro, Boriollo Marcelo Fabiano Gomes
Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Departamento de Diagnóstico Oral, Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil.
Universidade José do Rosário Vellano, Faculdade de Medicina, Laboratório de Farmacogenética e Biologia Molecular, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
J Appl Oral Sci. 2018 Apr 5;26:e20170141. doi: 10.1590/1678-7757-2017-0141.
Staphylococcus aureus strains can be disseminated during dental treatments and occasionally lead to the contamination and infection of patients and dentists, which is an important public health problem. The dynamics of the airborne propagation and the genetic diversity of S. aureus isolated in an academic dental clinic environment were investigated using isoenzyme typing. Materials and MethodsThe isoenzymes of 44 previously reported isolates were obtained from fresh cultures and extracted using glass beads. Nine isoenzymes were investigated using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE). The genetic diversity and relationship among the strains (electrophoretic type - ET) were determined using statistics previously described by Nei25 (1972) and the SAHN grouping method (UPGMA algorithm).
Clonal pattern analyses indicated a high level of genetic polymorphism occurring among the 33 ETs, which were grouped into five taxa. Each taxon presented one or more clusters that were moderately related and that contained two or more identical/highly related isolates, revealing seasonal airborne propagation in these dental clinic environments.
These data suggest the occurrence of active microevolutionary processes in S. aureus as well as the possibility of environmental propagation during a 14-month time span. Such findings are important to show that multiuser academic dental clinics can retain certain strains that are spreadable to different niches.
金黄色葡萄球菌菌株可在牙科治疗过程中传播，偶尔会导致患者和牙医受到污染和感染，这是一个重要的公共卫生问题。本研究使用同工酶分型法，对一所学术性牙科诊所环境中分离出的金黄色葡萄球菌的空气传播动态和遗传多样性进行了调查。材料与方法从新鲜培养物中获取44株先前报道的菌株的同工酶，并用玻璃珠进行提取。使用多位点酶电泳（MLEE）研究9种同工酶。采用Nei25（1972年）先前描述的统计方法和SAHN分组法（UPGMA算法），确定菌株之间的遗传多样性和关系（电泳型-ET）。
克隆模式分析表明，33种电泳型之间存在高度的遗传多态性，这些电泳型被分为五个分类单元。每个分类单元呈现出一个或多个中度相关的簇，其中包含两个或更多相同/高度相关的分离株，揭示了这些牙科诊所环境中的季节性空气传播。
这些数据表明金黄色葡萄球菌存在活跃的微进化过程，以及在14个月的时间跨度内环境传播的可能性。这些发现对于表明多用户学术性牙科诊所可能留存某些可传播到不同生态位的菌株具有重要意义。
