Uhlířová Linda, Tůmová Eva, Chodová Darina, Volek Zdeněk, Machander Vlastislav
Department of Animal Husbandry, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
Department of Physiology of Nutrition and Product Quality, Institute of Animal Science, Přátelství 815, 104 00 Prague - Uhříněves, Czech Republic.
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2019 Jan;32(1):137-143. doi: 10.5713/ajas.17.0672. Epub 2018 Apr 12.
The aim of this study was to compare male and female geese of two contrasting genotypes in terms of fatty acid composition, indexes related to human health, lipid metabolism and oxidative stability of the meat.
The experiment was carried out on total of 120 geese of two different genotypes; the native breed Czech goose (CG) and commercial hybrid Novohradska goose (NG). One-d-old goslings were divided into 4 groups according to genotype and sex, and 8 birds from each group were slaughtered at 8 weeks of age.
The effects of the interactions between genotype and sex were observed on growth performance and carcass traits. Final body weight (p<0.001), daily weight gain (p<0.001), daily feed intake (p<0.001), slaughter weight (p<0.001), and cold carcass weight (p<0.001) were highest in NG males and lowest in CG females. The meat fatty acid composition results showed effects of both genotype and sex on the total n-6 and the total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content, as well as the PUFA n-6/PUFA n-3 ratio. Regarding genotype, the total n-6, the total PUFA content and the PUFA n-6/PUFA n-3 ratio were higher in CG, and higher values were found in females. In terms of the lipid metabolism, Δ5-Δ6 desaturase (p = 0.006) was higher in males. The meat oxidative stability results revealed an interaction between genotype, sex and storage time (p<0.001). The highest (13.85 mg/kg) malondialdehyde content was measured in the meat of CG females after 5 days of storage and was presumably related to a higher PUFA content.
NG had a relatively higher growth rate and meat oxidative stability, whereas the advantage of CG meat is its favourable fatty acid profile characterized by a higher PUFA content.
本研究旨在比较两种不同基因型的雄性和雌性鹅在脂肪酸组成、与人类健康相关的指标、脂质代谢以及肉的氧化稳定性方面的差异。
实验共选用了120只两种不同基因型的鹅，即本地品种捷克鹅（CG）和商业杂交品种诺霍拉德斯卡鹅（NG）。1日龄雏鹅根据基因型和性别分为4组，每组8只在8周龄时屠宰。
观察到基因型和性别之间的相互作用对生长性能和胴体性状有影响。最终体重（p<0.001）、日增重（p<0.001）、日采食量（p<0.001）、屠宰体重（p<0.001）和冷胴体重（p<0.001）在NG雄性中最高，在CG雌性中最低。肉脂肪酸组成结果表明，基因型和性别对总n-6、总多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）含量以及PUFA n-6/PUFA n-3比值均有影响。就基因型而言，CG中的总n-6、总PUFA含量和PUFA n-6/PUFA n-3比值较高，且在雌性中发现的值更高。在脂质代谢方面，雄性中的Δ5-Δ6去饱和酶（p = 0.006）较高。肉的氧化稳定性结果显示基因型、性别和储存时间之间存在相互作用（p<0.001）。储存5天后，CG雌性肉中的丙二醛含量最高（13.85 mg/kg），这可能与较高的PUFA含量有关。
NG具有相对较高的生长速度和肉的氧化稳定性，而CG肉的优势在于其有利的脂肪酸谱，其特点是PUFA含量较高。
