Infected renal cyst presented with pleural effusion in a woman with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

We present a 64-year-old woman with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and hepatic cysts admitted to our hospital for high fever, intense coughing and right abdominal pain. The chest X-ray showed right pleural effusion suggestive of pneumonia. An abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) were done but did not show evidence of cyst infection or other abdominal complications. A gallium-67-citrate single-photon emission CT/CT, a relatively cheaper technique than positron emission tomography/CT was performed. This revealed an infected kidney cyst that was the cause of the right pleural effusion and fever.