Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Bologna, viale C. Berti-Pichat 5, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
Centro di Studi e Ricerche in Neuroscienze Cognitive, viale Europa 980, 47522, Cesena, Italy.
J Autism Dev Disord. 2018 Sep;48(9):2995-3009. doi: 10.1007/s10803-018-3577-y.
We studied episodic memory and future thinking for self-relevant and other-relevant events at different levels of retrieval support, theory of mind, and delay discounting in ASD children and adolescents (ASDs). Compared to typically developing controls, ASDs produced fewer internal (episodic) but a similar number of external (semantic) details while remembering past events, imagining future events, and imagining future events happening to others, indicating a general impairment of event construction. This deficit was driven by group differences under high retrieval support, and therefore unlikely to depend on self-initiated retrieval/construction deficits. ASDs' event construction impairment related to the severity of ASD symptoms, and to theory of mind deficits. ASDs, however, showed normal delay discounting, highlighting preserved forms of future-based decision-making in ASD.
我们研究了自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童和青少年在不同回忆支持水平、心理理论和延迟折扣下与自我相关和他人相关事件的情景记忆和未来思维。与典型发育对照组相比，ASD 在回忆过去事件、想象未来事件和想象他人未来事件时产生的内部（情景）细节较少，但产生的外部（语义）细节相似，表明事件构建存在普遍缺陷。这种缺陷是由高回忆支持下的组间差异驱动的，因此不太可能依赖于自我启动的回忆/构建缺陷。ASD 的事件构建缺陷与 ASD 症状的严重程度以及心理理论缺陷有关。然而，ASD 表现出正常的延迟折扣，突出了 ASD 中基于未来的决策的保存形式。
